Effectiveness of coconut water (Cocos nucifera) in feed on masculinization and growth factors of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Sukmawati; Ockstan J. Kalesaran; Veibe Warouw; Jeffrie F. Mokolensang; Darus Sa'adah Johanis Paransa; Christina Leta Salaki

doi:10.35800/jasm.v13i2.64394

Authors

Sukmawati Aquatic Science Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Jl. Kampus UNSRAT Bahu, Manado 95115, Indonesia
Ockstan J. Kalesaran Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia
Veibe Warouw Marine Science Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia
Jeffrie F. Mokolensang Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia
Darus Sa'adah Johanis Paransa Marine Science Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia
Christina Leta Salaki Entomology Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35800/jasm.v13i2.64394

Keywords:

coconut water, masculinization, growth performance, nile tilapia, natural hormone alternative

Abstract

This study evaluated the effectiveness of coconut water (Cocos nucifera) applied as a spray onto feed for the masculinization and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The 63-day experiment employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments of coconut water doses (0, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25 mL/g feed) and three replications. Measured parameters included male proportion, growth performance (absolute length and weight, specific growth rate), survival rate, and water quality. Results indicated that coconut water supplementation significantly influenced masculinization and growth. The optimal dose was 0.15 mL/g feed, which yielded the highest male proportion (63.65%)—a 13.65% increase over the control. At this dose, absolute length and weight reached 7.15 cm and 5.34 g, respectively, with a specific growth rate of 8.62%. In contrast, higher doses (0.20-0.25 mL/g) reduced both masculinization and growth performance, despite high survival rates (90-95%). Water quality parameters remained within optimal ranges throughout the trial. These findings suggest that coconut water is a viable, eco-friendly alternative to synthetic hormones for tilapia masculinization and can enhance growth when applied at the recommended dosage.

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