Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Pesisir Kota Bitung
Abstract
Inadecuate nutrition intake in the early period of life (starting from conception to the age of 24 months), infectious diseases and various other indirect causes can cause malnutrition in children, one of which is stunting. Loss of opportunity to grow at the age of 0-3 years, especially in terms of height will cause height at a later age to be irreversible. This study aims to analyze factors related to stunting in children aged 36-59 months in the coastal area of Bitung City. This type of research is analytic observational, with a cross-sectional study design. The research subjects were children aged 36-59 months who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, totaling 80 children. The test results showed that low birth weight (POR 6.8, CI 0.393 - 117.579), history of colostrum administration (POR 2.333, CI 0.407 - 13,375), and maternal education (POR 2.743, CI 0.753 - 0.993) were factors associated with stunting in the child. So, in the group of children born with LBW, who were not given colostrum, the mother's education was low, the risk of stunting was higher than in the group of children born with normal birth weight, given colostrum, and the group of children whose mother's education was categorized as high.
Keyword: Stunting; Under-Five Child; Children; Coastal; Area
ABSTRAK
Asupan zat gizi yang tidak terpenuhi pada periode awal kehidupan (mulai dari konsepsi sampai usia 24 bulan) dan penyakit infeksi serta berbagai penyebab tidak langsung lainnya dapat menyebabkan kekurangan gizi pada anak, salah satunya adalah stunting. Kehilangan kesempatan bertumbuh pada usia 0-3 tahun terutama dalam hal tinggi badan akan menyebabkan tinggi badan pada usia selanjutnya tidak dapat dipulihkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan stunting pada anak usia 36-59 bulan di daerah pesisir Kota Bitung. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik, dengan desain cross sectional study. Subjek penelitian yaitu anak usia 36-59 bulan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang berjumlah 80 anak. Hasil uji menunjukan bahwa berat badan lahir rendah (POR 6.8, CI 0.393 - 117.579), riwayat pemberian kolostrum (POR 2.333, CI 0.407 - 13.375), dan pendidikan ibu (POR 2.743, CI 0.753 - 0.993) menjadi faktor yang berhubungan dengan stunting pada anak. Sehingga pada kelompok anak yang lahir BBLR, tidak diberikan kolostrum, pendidikan ibu rendah risiko mengalami stunting lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada kelompok anak yang lahir dengan berat badan lahir normal, diberikan kolostrum, dan kelompok anak yang pendidikan ibunya dikategorikan tinggi.
Kata Kunci : Stunting; Balita; Anak; Wilayah; Pesisir
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