Identification of Aeromonas hydrophila from Nile Tilapia Farming Centers in Tomohon

Yoanna F.K. Mardiningsih; Reiny A. Tumbol; Nickson J. Kawung; Elvy L. Ginting; Suzanne L. Undap; Deiske A. Sumilat

doi:10.35800/jplt.14.2.2026.67669

Authors

Yoanna F.K. Mardiningsih Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Reiny A. Tumbol Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Nickson J. Kawung Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Elvy L. Ginting Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Suzanne L. Undap Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Deiske A. Sumilat Universitas Sam Ratulangi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35800/jplt.14.2.2026.67669

Keywords:

Aeromonas hydrophila; nile tilapia; bacterial identification; prevalence; Tomohon

Abstract

This study aimed to identify Aeromonas hydrophila and analyze its distribution in several Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farming centers in Tomohon City. A descriptive method using purposive sampling was applied at four farming centers: North Tomohon, Central Tomohon, South Tomohon, and West Tomohon. A total of 40 Nile tilapia were examined, with ten fish representing each location. Bacteria were isolated from head kidney tissues using Rimler-Shotts Agar (RSA), followed by colony purification, Gram staining, biochemical assays, and Total Plate Count (TPC) analysis. The results showed that 36 of 40 samples (90.0%) produced presumptive Aeromonas spp. colonies on RSA, with TPC values ranging from 1.00 × 10² to 1.90 × 10⁵ CFU/mL. Biochemical tests identified 21 of 36 isolates (58.3%) as A. hydrophila. The highest biochemical prevalence was observed in West Tomohon (90.0%), followed by Central Tomohon (60.0%), South Tomohon (40.0%), and North Tomohon (33.3%). These findings indicate that A. hydrophila was present across all observed farming centers, emphasizing the need for improved biosecurity and water-quality management in Nile tilapia farming in Tomohon City.

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, nile tilapia, bacterial identification, prevalence, Tomohon

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keberadaan Aeromonas hydrophila serta menganalisis distribusinya pada beberapa sentra budidaya ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Kota Tomohon. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara deskriptif dengan teknik purposive sampling pada empat sentra budidaya, yaitu Tomohon Utara, Tomohon Tengah, Tomohon Selatan, dan Tomohon Barat. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 40 ekor ikan nila, masing-masing 10 ekor dari setiap lokasi. Bakteri diisolasi dari jaringan head kidney menggunakan media selektif Rimler-Shotts Agar (RSA), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemurnian koloni, pewarnaan Gram, uji biokimia, dan perhitungan Total Plate Count (TPC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 36 dari 40 sampel (90,0%) membentuk koloni presumtif Aeromonas spp. pada media RSA dengan nilai TPC berkisar antara 1,00 × 10² hingga 1,90 × 10⁵ CFU/mL. Berdasarkan uji biokimia, 21 dari 36 isolat (58,3%) teridentifikasi sebagai A. hydrophila. Prevalensi biokimia tertinggi ditemukan di Tomohon Barat (90,0%), diikuti Tomohon Tengah (60,0%), Tomohon Selatan (40,0%), dan Tomohon Utara (33,3%). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa A. hydrophila ditemukan pada seluruh sentra budidaya yang diamati, sehingga penguatan biosekuriti dan pengendalian kualitas air perlu menjadi bagian penting dalam pengelolaan kesehatan ikan nila di Kota Tomohon.

Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, ikan nila, identifikasi bakteri, prevalensi, Tomohon

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