Faktor Risiko Pekerjaan untuk Carpal Tunnel Syndrome pada Pekerja Kantoran
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v4i2.44951Abstract
Abstract: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is often reported as an occupational disease and a common problem among workers who often use their hands. The causes of CTS are considered multifactorial, involving both individual and occupational factors. Computer use is thought to be a risk factor for CTS. Using a computer keyboard is associated with wrist or hand pain, which is related with repetitive hand movements. However, the available evidence regarding the relationship between computer use or occupational risk factors and CTS is still controversial. This study aimed to determine the occupational risk factors for CTS in office workers. This was a literature review study. Data were searched from databases of Crossref and Google Scholar. The keywords were carpal tunnel syndrome, risk factor, ergonomic, occupation, computer office, workers The results obtained 10 articles reviewed according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Work duration and work periods were referred to occupational risk factors for CTS. Awkward wrist/hand postures especially without mousepad supporting the hand or wrist, and repetitive movement were direct risk factors for CTS. In conclusion, risk factors for CTS among office workers are duration and period of working, awkward wrist/hand posture, and repetitive movement.
Keywords: occupational risk factors; carpal tunnel syndrome; office workers.
Abstrak: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) merupakan penyakit akibat kerja dan menjadi masalah umum di antara para pekerja yang sering menggunakan tangan. Penyebab CTS dianggap multifaktorial, yang melibatkan faktor individu dan pekerjaan. Penggunaan komputer diduga menjadi faktor risiko CTS. Penggunaan keyboard komputer dihubungkan dengan nyeri pergelangan tangan atau tangan, yang berkaitan dengan gerakan tangan berulang. Walaupun demikian, bukti yang tersedia perihal keterkaitan antara penggunaan komputer atau faktor risiko pekerjaan dan CTS masih kontroversial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko pekerjaan terjadinya CTS pada pekerja kantoran. Jenis penelitian ini ialah suatu literature review menggunakan data- base Crossref dan Google Scholar dengan kata kunci carpal tunnel syndrome, risk factor, ergonomic, occupation, computer office, workers. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 artikel yang ditelaah sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditentukan. Durasi kerja dan periode kerja disebut sebagai faktor risiko pekerjaan untuk terjadinya CTS. Postur yang janggal, khususnya dikarenakan tanpa penggunaan mousepad penyangga tangan atau pergelangan tangan serta gerakan berulang saat menggunakan mouse dan mengetik menggunakan keyboard secara langsung menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya CTS. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah durasi dan periode kerja, postur tangan/pergelangan yang janggal, dan gerakan berulang merupakan faktor risiko pekerjaan untuk terjadinya CTS.
Kata kunci: faktor risiko pekerjaan; carpal tunnel syndrome; pekerja kantoran
References
Crawford JO, Berkovic D, Erwin J, Copsey SM, Davis A, Giagloglou E, et al. Musculoskeletal health in the workplace. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2020;34(5):101558.
Genova A, Dix O, Saefan A, Thakur M, Hassan A. Carpal tunnel syndrome: a review of literature. Cureus. 2020;12(3):316–20.
Ali KM, Sathiyasekaran BWC. Computer professionals and carpal tunnel syndrome (cts). Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2006;12(3):319–25.
Soewardi H, Anugraheni AR, Shabrina N. Analysis of electromyography on computer interaction devices to the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome. J Comput. 2015;10(5):347–53.
Lee IH, Kim YK, Kang DM, Kim SY, Kim IA, Kim EM. Distribution of age, gender, and occupation among individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome based on the National Health Insurance data and National Employment Insurance data. Ann Occup Environ Med. 2019;31(1):1–14.
Hulkkonen S, Shiri R, Auvinen J, Miettunen J, Karppinen J, Ryhänen J. Risk factors of hospitalization for carpal tunnel syndrome among the general working population. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2020;46(1):43–9.
Scalise V, Brindisino F, Pellicciari L, Minnucci S, Bonetti F. Carpal tunnel syndrome: a national survey to monitor knowledge and operating methods. Public Health. 2021;18:1-24.
Sari RK, Prasetio DB, Wardani RS. Workload, repetitive wrist movements, years of service with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Ris Kesehat. 2020;9(2):159–64.
Kozak A, Schedlbauer G, Wirth T, Euler U, Westermann C, Nienhaus A. Association between work-related biomechanical risk factors and the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome: an overview of systematic reviews and a meta-analysis of current research. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2015;16(1):231.
Clarke Stevens J, Witt JC, Smith BE, Weaver AL. The frequency of carpal tunnel syndrome in computer users at a medical facility. Neurology. 200;56(11):1568 LP – 1570.
Coggon D, Ntani G, Walker-Bone K, Felli VE, Harari F, Barrero LH, et al. Determinants of international variation in the prevalence of disabling wrist and hand pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20(1):1–8.
Thomsen JF, Gerr F, Atroshi I. Carpal tunnel syndrome and the use of computer mouse and keyboard: A systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008;9:1–9.
Mouzakis DE, Rachiotis G, Zaoutsos S, Eleftheriou A, Malizos KN. Finite element simulation of the mechanical impact of computer work on the carpal tunnel syndrome. J Biomech. 2014;47(12):2989–94.
Setyawan H. Risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome among food-packing workers in Karanganyar. Kesmas. 2017;11(3):123–6.
Khomairoh N, Widajati N. The relationship of age, working periode, and work attitude with complaints of carpal tunnel syndrome on workers in the Sumenep Batik Industry Indonesia. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2020;14(2):1377–82.
Feng B, Chen K, Zhu X, Ip WY, Andersen LL, Page P, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of self- reported wrist and hand symptoms and clinically confirmed carpal tunnel syndrome among office workers in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):57.
Suparto S, Lisandra VM, Tanpomas I, Perangin-angin CR. Gambaran risiko kejadian carpal tunnel syndrome pada karyawan administrasi Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana. J Kedokt Meditek. 2020;26(2):71–6.
Hamid A, Fathur Rahman Z, Suherdin S, Widati S, Ardyanto Wahyudiono YD. Factors related to carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) complaints on employees in the Bank BNI Branch of Palu. J Ilmu Kesehat Masy. 2020;11(01):63–74.
Sulistika N, Kusumaningtiar DA, Handayani P, Situngkir D, Anggara TR. Carpal tunnel syndrome (Cts) for workers using computer in the finance division of property industry. J Vocat Heal Stud. 2022;6(2):142–50.
Kurtul S, Mazican N. Prevalence and risk factors for self-reported symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome among hospital office workers: a cross-sectional study. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2022;1–5.
Aripin TN, Rasjad AS, Nurimaba N, Djojosugito MA, Irasanti SN. Hubungan durasi mengetik komputer dan posisi mengetik komputer dengan gejala carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) pada karyawan Universitas Islam Bandung. J Integr Kesehat Sains. 2019;1(2):97–101.
Che Hasan MK, Azman MS, Sidek Ahmad ZN Bin, Che Jamaludin FI, Firdaus MKZH. Assessing carpal tunnel syndrome among administrative staff of a higher learning institution: a preliminary study. Belitung Nurs J. 2020;6(6):209–13.
Juzad MK, Bahri Mohd Tamrin S, Ab Rahman R, Yee Guan N, Atikah Che Hasan N. Ergonomic risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome among designers. Soc Occup Ergon. 2022;65:74–81.
Nafasa K, Yuniarti Y, Nurimaba N, Tresnasari C, Wagiono C. Hubungan masa kerja dengan keluhan carpal tunnel syndrome pada karyawan pengguna komputer di Bank BJB Cabang Subang. J Integr Kesehat Sains. 2019;1(1):40–4.
Eleftheriou A, Rachiotis G, Varitimidis SE, Koutis C, Malizos KN, Hadjichristodoulou C. Cumulative keyboard strokes: a possible risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2012;7(1):1–7.
Cheng X, Song M, Kong J, Fang X, Ji Y, Zhang M, et al. Influence of prolonged visual display terminal use and exercise on physical and mental conditions of internet staff in Hangzhou, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(10).
Kurniawan B, Setyaningsih Y, Jayanti S. Faktor risiko kejadian carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) pada wanita pemetik melati di Desa Karangcengis, Purbalingga. J Promosi Kesehat Indones. 2008;3(1):31–7.
Aljuwary B, Alkallak I, Altaie H, Abdullatif S. Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome among computer users in the Mosul University. Mosul J Nurs. 2019;7(1):36–41.
Andayani NLN, Wibawa A, Nugraha MHS. Effective ultrasound and neural mobilization combinations in reducing hand disabilities in carpal tunnel syndrome patients. J Keperawatan Indones. 2020;23(2):93–101.
Kubo K, Cheng YS, Zhou B, An KN, Moran SL, Amadio PC, et al. The quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the forces applied to the palm and carpal tunnel pressure. J Biomech. 2018;66:170–4.
Schmid AB, Kubler PA, Johnston V, Coppieters MW. A vertical mouse and ergonomic mouse pads alter wrist position but do not reduce carpal tunnel pressure in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Appl Ergon. 2015;47:151–6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Christy E. L. Berhimpon, Andriessanto C. Lengkong, Eko Prasetyo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
