Pengaruh Obesitas terhadap Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus pada Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v5i1.45274Abstract
Abstract: Obesity is well known as an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease, thus assessment of renal function is more essential in obese individuals. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is generally accepted as the best overall index of kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on glomerular filtration rate in children. This was a literature review study. The literature search was performed by using PubMed and Google Scholar databases with “Obesity AND Glomerular Filtration Rate AND Children” as its keywords. After going through the process of searching and filtering the literatures based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the results obtained 10 literatures to be reviewed. The literatures showed that in the short to medium terms of the duration of obesity, GFR was increased. A reduction in GFR levels then could be observed if obesity persists over time. Also, in obese children, the higher the body mass index (BMI), the lower the GFR level. In conclusion, childhood obesity affects GFR level, whereas GFR level is reduced along with the increasing duration of obesity and BMI.
Keywords: childhood obesity; glomerular filtration rate; risk factors
Abstrak: Obesitas merupakan faktor risiko independen dari penyakit ginjal kronis; oleh karena itu, penilaian fungsi ginjal perlu dilakukan pada individu dengan obesitas. Laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG) merupakan salah satu indikator yang dapat menggambarkan fungsi ginjal secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh obesitas terhadap LFG pada anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode literature review. Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar dengan “Obesity AND Glomerular Filtration Rate AND Children” sebagai kata kunci. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 literatur yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, yang kemudian dilakukan review. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa peningkatan LFG (hiperfiltrasi) terjadi pada awal masa obesitas, diikuti dengan penurunan LFG seiring bertambahnya durasi obesitas. Selain itu, pada anak dengan obesitas didapatkan bahwa semakin tinggi indeks massa tubuh (IMT), maka LFG semakin rendah. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah obesitas memengaruhi LFG pada anak, yaitu nilai LFG menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya durasi obesitas dan IMT.
Kata kunci: obesitas pada anak; laju filtrasi glomerulus; faktor risiko
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