Pengaruh Musik terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Kedokteran dalam Menghadapi Ujian Modul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v8i1.61409Abstract
Abstract: Anxiety is a common emotional response that can negatively affect academic performance. Medical students often face high-pressure academic environments, especially during module exams, which can impact their mental well-being. Music has been shown to have therapeutic effects that may reduce anxiety levels. This study aimed to analyze the effect of music on the anxiety levels of medical students at Sam Ratulangi University during module examinations. This was a mixed-method study with a sequential explanatory design. The quantitative phase involved a cross-sectional observational analysis using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) questionnaire with 202 respondents. The qualitative phase involved in-depth interviews with ten selected students. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal data. The results showed that most respondents listened to music (74.8%), with pop music being the most preferred genre. Mild anxiety levels were more prevalent among students who listened to music (40.6%) compared to those who did not. The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in anxiety levels between students who listened to music and those who did not (p<0.05). In conclusion, listening to music, particularly slow-tempo music, significantly reduces students' anxiety levels during module exams. This strategy can be adopted as a simple and effective anxiety management method.
Keywords: music; anxiety; medical students; module exams
Abstrak: Kecemasan merupakan respons emosional umum yang dapat berdampak pada kemampuan akademik. Mahasiswa kedokteran sering mengalami tekanan tinggi dalam lingkungan akademik, terutama saat menghadapi ujian modul, yang dapat memengaruhi kesejahteraan mental. Musik diketahui memiliki efek terapeutik yang berpotensi mengurangi tingkat kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh musik terhadap tingkat kecemasan mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi dalam menghadapi ujian modul. Jenis penelitian ialah mixed method dengan desain penelitian sequentioal explanatory. Tahap kuantitatif dilakukan dengan analisis observasional potong lintang menggunakan kuesioner Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) pada 202 responden. Tahap kualitatif menggunakan wawancara mendalam pada sepuluh mahasiswa terpilih. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden mendengarkan musik (74,8%), dengan jenis musik pop sebagai pilihan terbanyak. Tingkat kecemasan ringan lebih banyak dialami oleh mahasiswa yang mendengarkan musik (40,6%) dibandingkan yang tidak mendengarkan musik. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara tingkat kecemasan mahasiswa yang mendengarkan musik dan yang tidak (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mendengarkan musik, terutama dengan tempo lambat, dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan mahasiswa secara bermakna saat menghadapi ujian modul. Strategi ini dapat diadopsi sebagai metode manajemen kecemasan yang sederhana dan efektif.
Kata kunci: musik; kecemasan; mahasiswa kedokteran; ujian modul
References
Pardede JA, Keliat BA, Damanik RK, Gulo AR. Optimalization of coping nurses to overcoming anxiety in the pandemic of Covid-19 in era new normal. J Peduli Masy. 2019;2(3):105–12. Available from: http://jurnal.globalhealthsciencegroup.com/index.php/JPM/article/view/128
İnangil D, Irmak Vural P, Doğan S, Körpe G. Effectiveness of music therapy and emotional freedom technique on test anxiety in Turkish nursing students: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Integr Med. 2020;33:101041. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1876382019306699
Anxiety Disorders [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anxiety-disorders
Tian-Ci Quek T, Wai-San Tam W, X. Tran B, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Su-Hui Ho C, et al. The global prevalence of anxiety among medical students: a meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(15):2735. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/15/2735
Galal S, Vyas D, Hackett RK, Rogan E, Nguyen C. Effectiveness of music interventions to reduce test anxiety in pharmacy students. Pharmacy. 2021;9(1):10. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/9/1/10
Mewo YM, Manoppo FP, Wungouw HIS. Evaluasi kualitas skenario Problem-Based Learning di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. eBiomedik. 2018;6(2). Available from: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/ebiomedik/article/view/20967
Spesifikasi Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter. Fakultas Kedokteran Unsrat. Available from: https://fk.unsrat.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/Spesifikasi-PRODI-2020.pdf
Dhiman N, Arora N, Agarwal M, Saxena R, Saxena KN, Wadhawan S, et al. Effect of receptive music therapy on exam-related anxiety in postgraduate medical students. J Med Sci. 2024;10(1--4):1–5. Available from: https://www.jmedsciences.com/doi/10.5005/jp-journals-10045-00250
Izaak SNT, Dwiana A. Hubungan mendengarkan musik klasik dalam menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Wreda Budi Mulia 3 Jakarta Selatan. Tarumanagara Med J. 2020;2(2):418–24. Available from: https://journal.untar.ac.id/index.php/tmj/article/view/9752
Khadijah LP. Efektivitas terapi musik untuk menurunkan tingkat stres dan kecemasan. Detect J Inov Ris Ilmu Kesehat. 2023;1(3):91–8. Available from: https://ejurnal.politeknikpratama.ac.id/index.php/Detector/ article/view/2065
Rahma FI, Sutejo, Susana S. The impact of instrumental music therapy on student’s anxiety facing college entrance examination. Caring J Keperawatan. 2023;12(2):53–62. Available from: https://e-journal.poltekkesjogja.ac.id/index.php/caring/article/view/2149
Kumar N, Wajidi MA, Chian YT, Vishroothi, Ravindra S, Ashwini Aithal. The effect of listening to music on concentration and academic performance of the student: cross-sectional study on medical undergraduate students. J Pharm Biol Chem Sci. 2016;7(6):1190–995. Available from: https://www.rjpbcs.com/ pdf/2016_7(6)/[154].pdf
Mallik A, Russo FA. The effects of music & auditory beat stimulation on anxiety: A randomized clinical trial. PLoS One. 2022;17(3):e0259312. Available from: https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259312
Vigl J, Ojell-Järventausta M, Sipola H, Saarikallio S. Melody for the mind: enhancing mood, motivation, concentration, and learning through music listening in the classroom. Music Sci. 2023;6. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20592043231214085
Huang Z, Duell N. A novel music therapy intervention utilizing pop music to reduce adolescent anxiety and depression. J Student Res. 2020;9(2):1-13. Available from: https://www.jsr.org/hs/index.php/ path/article/view/1227
Wang K, Gao S, Huang J. Learning about your mental health from your playlist? Investigating the correlation between music preference and mental health of college students. Front Psychol. 2022;13:824789. Available from: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.824789/full
Sun Y, Sun C, Li C, Shao X, Liu Q, Liu H. Impact of background music on reading comprehension: influence of lyrics language and study habits. Front Psychol. 2024;15. Available from: https://www. frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1363562/full
Chen N. Effects of different types of music on students’ study efficiency. J Educ Humanit Soc Sci. 2024;26:881–6. Available from: https://drpress.org/ojs/index.php/EHSS/article/view/17968
Linnemann A, Wenzel M, Grammes J, Kubiak T, Nater UM. Music Listening and Stress in daily life—a matter of timing. Int J Behav Med. 2018;25(2):223–30. Available from: http://link.springer.com/ 10.1007/s12529-017-9697-5
Mahmood D, Nisar H, Yap VV, Tsai CY. The Effect of Music Listening on EEG Functional Connectivity of Brain: A Short-Duration and Long-Duration Study. Mathematics. 2022;10(3):349. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/3/349
Burrai F, Sanna GD, Moccia E, Morlando F, Cosentino ER, Bui V, et al. Beneficial Effects of Listening to Classical Music in Patients With Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Card Fail. 2020;26(7):541–9. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1071916419314447
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Octaviannus N. Perkasa, Herdy Munayang, Theresia M. D. Kaunang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
