Identifikasi Genus Nyamuk Dewasa di Kelurahan Madidir Unet Kota Bitung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v8i1.62793Keywords:
nyamuk dewasa; genus; vektorAbstract
Abstract: Mosquitoes are primary vectors of several serious diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, and filariasis, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct mosquito genus identification in endemic areas to inform effective disease control and prevention strategies. This study aimed to identify the genus of adult mosquitoes based on the collection time (day and night) and collection location (indoors and outdoors), and to analyze the distribution patterns of adult mosquitoes by genus at Kelurahan Madidir Unet, Kota Bitung (endemic area). This was a descriptive survey study using sweeping technique as the mosquito collection method, with nets and aspirators. Adult mosquitoes were caught at Lingkungan I-IV, both indoors and outdoors, during both daytime and nighttime. The results showed a total of 111 adult mosquitoes, consisting of 55 Aedes spp. and 56 Culex spp., while no Anopheles spp. were found. Female mosquitoes were more dominant than males, with 73 females and 38 males. Aedes spp. were more frequently captured during the day, with 41 individuals, while Culex spp. were more prevalent at night, with 43 individuals. Both genera were predominantly found outdoors, with 41 Aedes spp. and 33 Culex spp. captured in outdoor environments. In conclusion, Culex spp. are the most commonly identified mosquito, followed by Aedes spp., meanwhile no Anopheles spp. is found. Aedes spp. is active during the day, while Culex spp. dominate at night, and both species are mostly found outdoors.
Keywords: adult mosquitoes; genus; vector
Abstrak: Nyamuk merupakan vektor utama berbagai penyakit, seperti malaria, demam berdarah, dan filariasis, terutama di wilayah tropis dan subtropis. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk melakukan identifikasi genus nyamuk di daerah dengan angka kasus tinggi guna mendukung upaya pengendalian dan pencegahan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi genus nyamuk dewasa berdasarkan waktu penangkapan (siang dan malam hari) dan tempat penangkapan (di dalam dan di luar ruangan), serta untuk mengetahui pola penyebaran nyamuk dewasa berdasarkan genus di Kelurahan Madidir Unet, Kota Bitung (dareah endemis). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan survei deskriptif, dengan teknik sweeping sebagai metode penangkapan nyamuk, menggunakan aspirator dan jaring. Nyamuk dewasa ditangkap dari Lingkungan I-VI baik di dalam maupun di luar ruangan, pada siang dan malam hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari total 111 nyamuk dewasa yang teridentifikasi, 55 ekor merupakan Aedes spp. dan 56 ekor Culex spp., sedangkan Anopheles spp. tidak ditemukan. Nyamuk betina lebih dominan dibandingkan dengan nyamuk jantan, dengan jumlah 73 ekor betina dan 38 ekor jantan. Aedes spp. lebih banyak ditemukan pada penangkapan siang hari, sebanyak 53 ekor, sedangkan Culex spp. lebih dominan pada malam hari dengan 43 ekor. Kedua genus sebagian besar ditemukan di luar ruangan, dengan 41 ekor Aedes spp. dan 33 ekor Culex spp. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah nyamuk yang paling banyak teridentifikasi ialah Culex spp. dan Aedes spp., sedangkan Anopheles spp. tidak ditemukan. Aedes spp. lebih banyak tertangkap pada siang hari, sedangkan Culex spp. dominan pada malam hari. Keduanya lebih banyak ditemukan di luar ruangan.
Kata kunci: nyamuk dewasa; genus; vektor
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