Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan Benda Asing Trakeobronkial pada Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v8i1.62857Abstract
Abstract: Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children is a pediatric emergency that requires prompt and appropriate management. Nonspecific signs and symptoms, even asymptomatic are often misdiagnosed and can lead to various serious complications. This study aimed to determine the diagnosis and management of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children. This was a literature review study using PICOS framework as the selection criteria. The results showed that based on research in 15 literatures, the history of foreign body aspiration, detailed anamnesis, and physical examination had important roles in diagnosis. Auxiliary examinations that could be done were chest X-ray, CT-scan, and/or virtual bronchoscopy with MDCT. Bronchoscopy served as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in the management of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children. In conclusion, the proper algorithm of diagnosis and management in tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration can reduce the incidence of complications and even mortality.
Keywords: diagnosis; management; tracheobronchial foreign body; children
Abstrak: Aspirasi benda asing pada anak merupakan salah satu kasus kegawatdaruratan pediatrik yang memerlukan penanganan cepat dan tepat. Tanda dan gejala yang tidak spesifik bahkan asimtomatis seringkali mengarah ke terjadinya misdiagnosis dan dapat menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi serius lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diagnosis dan tatalaksana benda asing trakeobronkial pada anak. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah literature review menggunakan kriteria seleksi PICOS framework. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa berdasarkan penelusuran 15 literatur didapatkan riwayat aspirasi benda asing trakeobronkial, anamnesis terperinci, dan pemeriksaan fisik berperan penting dalam diagnosis. Pemeriksaan penunjang yang dapat dilakukan, yaitu rontgen toraks, pemindaian CT, dan/atau bronkoskopi virtual dengan MDCT. Bronkoskopi berperan sebagai prosedur diagnostik dan terapeutik dalam penangaan aspirasi benda asing trakeobronial pada anak. Simpuan penelitian ini ialah alur diagnosis dan tatalaksana yang tepat untuk menangani aspirasi benda asing trakeobronkial pada anak dapat mengurangi insiden komplikasi bahkan mortalitas.
Kata kunci: diagnosis; tatalaksana; benda asing trakeobronkial; anak
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