PENGARUH PEMBUATAN SALEP EKSTRAK DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia amygdalina) DENGAN BASIS HIDROKARBON DAN ABSORBSI TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA KELINCI (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.8.2019.29247Abstract
ABSTRACT
Burn wound is damaged tissue caused by contact with a heat source which causes infection, so needed some drug for this burn wound. Ointment is a pharmaceutical dosage form used on the skin which is intended for topical effect. In African leaves or Vernonia amygdalina which has many chemical contents and useful effects. This study aimed to test the quality preparation of ointments made from African leaves ethanol extract with hydrocarbon and absorption and its effect on burn wound in rabbits in order to find out effective ointment base for burn wound. The procedures applied were to dry the samples and extract them by maceration. After that, the samples were soaked using ethanol and diaterbath to obtain their thick extract. Later, the base ointment was mixed with thick extract using hot mortar, and tested for its physical properties and effectiveness of burn wound. The results showed that the hydrocarbon and absorbtion ointment base has good quality except for absorption’s poor distribution capacity due to its small dispersive power. African leaves extract ointment with hydrocarbon base and absorption has good quality preparations except for the absorption base’ dispersion power for due to its small dispersive power. To conclude, this study proves that the African leaf extract ointment with hydrocarbon base is very effective for burn wound healing.
Key Words: African Leaves, Burn Wound, Ointment.
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ABSTRAK
Luka bakar merupakan rusaknya jaringan yang disebabkan kontak dengan sumber panas yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi, maka dari itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang dapat menangani luka bakar tersebut. Sediaan salep merupakan bentuk sediaan farmasi yang digunakan pada kulit yang dimaksudkan untuk efek topikal. Pada daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) dapat ditemukan banyak kandungan kimia dan efek yang baik juga. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji salep ekstrak etanol daun Afrika dengan basis hidrokarbon dan absorbsi terhadap sediaan mutu dan juga terhadap luka bakar pada kelinci kemudian menemukan basis salep yang efektif untuk luka bakar. Sampel dikeringkan dan diekstraksi secara maserasi dan direndam menggunakan etanol dan diwaterbath untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kental, bahan basis salep dicampurkan dengan ekstrak kental menggunakan mortar panas, diuji sifat fisik dan efektifitas terhadap luka bakar. Basis hidrokarbon sangat efektif untuk luka bakar. Untuk basis hidrokarbon bersifat melunakkan lapisan kulit karena occlusive sehingga akan meningkatkan hidratasi kulit dengan menghambat penguapan air pada lapisan kulit, akibat hidratasi lapisan kulit, mungkin juga akan meningkatkan aktivitas obat. Absorbsi menunjukkan kemampuan basis dalam menyerap air, bukan kemampuan obat diabsorpsi oleh kulit. Salep ekstrak daun Afrika dengan basis hidrokarbon dan absorbsi memiliki sediaan mutu yang baik kecuali pada bagian daya sebar untuk basis absorbsi karena memiliki hasil daya sebar yang kecil, basis hidrokarbon salep ekstrak daun Afrika sangat efektif terhadap penyembuhan luka bakar.Â
Kata Kunci: Daun Afrika, Luka Bakar, Salep.
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