SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MIANA MERAH (COLEUS HYBRIDUS) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST
Keywords:
Coleus hybridus, Skrining Fitokimia, BSLT, Sitotoksisitas, LC50Abstract
Daun Coleus hybridus digunakan masyarakat Indonesia untuk mengobati batuk, asma, diare dan membantu pemulihan setelah melahirkan. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan tanaman Coleus berpotensi sebagai obat kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi kandungan metabolit sekunder dari daun Coleus hybridus dan menentukan nilai LC50 dari uji toksisitas ekstrak daun Coleus hybridus terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach. Daun Coleus hybridus dimaserasi menggunakan etanol, maserat dipekatkan menggunakan oven sehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. Pengujian fitokimia meliputi uji alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid. Ekstrak diuji toksisitasnya  dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Ekstrak etanol yang digunakan konsentrasi 1000 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 62,5 μg/mL, 31,25 μg/mL dan 0 μg/mL (kontrol), kemudian diamati selama 24 jam. Efek toksisitas ekstrak dianalisis dengan analisis probit menggunakan SPSS 25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun Coleus hybridus memiliki kandungan flavonoid, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Hasil uji toksisitas diperoleh nilai LC50 sebesar 323,225 μg/mL, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun Coleus hybridus masuk kategori kurang toksik (low toxic).
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