Prospek Hubungan Bilateral Indonesia-Australia

Abstract

Hubungan kerjasama Indonesia dengan Australia di bidang perdagangan telah dilakukan sejak dulu. Dengan  menggunakan metode deskripitif kualitatif, penelitian ini akan fokus untuk mengetahui prospek hubungan bilateral Indonesia-Australia khususnya di bidang perdagangan daging sapi. Penelitian ini akan menggambarkan bagaimana kebijakan Indonesia dengan Australia, serta bentuk kerjasama Indonesia dan Australia dalam bidang impor daging sapi. Temuan penelitian menggambarkan bahwa daging sapi merupakan produk yang sangat dibutuhkan di Indonesia. Permintaan daging sapi Indonesia terus meningkat tetapi tidak sejalan dengan kemampuan penyediaan daging sapi nasional. Pemerintah Indonesia harus melakukan Impor guna memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi daging sapi nasional. Indonesia memilih Australia sebagai negara pengimport daging sapi terbesar, dengan alasan karena jarak kedua negara sangat dekat. Faktor lain yang di perhitungkan seperti lamanya perjalanan, jumlah pasokan sapi, dan aspek kehalalan khusus untuk daging sapi beku. Impor daging sapi beku selama ini tidak ekonomis jika dilakukan dari negara-negara lain, karena biaya transportasi yang mahal dan lama perjalanan. Di samping itu kapasitas pasokan sapi negara selain Australia terbatas. Memang, impor sapi Australia ke Indonesia mengalami kondisi yang fluktuatif  dari masa ke masa, karena ketersediaan masih kurang dibandingkan tingginya permintaan daging sapi. Namun data hasil penelitian menunjukan, volume dan nilai impor daging sapi di Indonesia cenderung meningkat, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa prospektif import daging sapi dari Australia ke Indonesia untuk jangka pendek dan panjang akan terus dilakukan.

Kata Kunci: Prospek; Hubungan Bilateral; Perdagangan; Daging Sapi; Indonesia; Australia

ABSTRACT

The cooperation between Indonesia and Australia in the trade sector has been carried out for a long time. By using a qualitative descriptive method, this research will focus on knowing the prospects of Indonesia-Australia bilateral relations, especially in the beef trade. This study will describe how Indonesia's policy with Australia, as well as the form of cooperation between Indonesia and Australia in the field of beef imports. Research findings illustrate that beef is a product that is very much needed in Indonesia. The demand for Indonesian beef continues to increase but is not in line with the national beef supply capability. The Indonesian government must carry out imports to meet the needs of national beef consumption. Indonesia chose Australia as the largest beef importer country, with the reason that the two countries are very close. Other factors that are taken into account include the length of the trip, the number of beef supplies, and the special halal aspect for frozen beef. Imports of frozen beef have so far been uneconomical if done from other countries, due to high transportation costs and long travel times. In addition, the cattle supply capacity of countries other than Australia is limited. Indeed, imports of Australian cattle to Indonesia experience fluctuating conditions from time to time, because the availability is still lacking compared to the high demand for beef. However, the research data shows that the volume and value of beef imports in Indonesia tend to increase, so it can be concluded that the prospective import of beef from Australia to Indonesia for the short and long term will continue to be carried out.

Keywords: Prospect; Bilateral relations; Trading; Beef; Indonesia; Australia