Perbandingan Tekanan Darah Sebelum dan Sesudah Olahraga Angkat Berat

Abstract

Abstract: Physical exercise involves musculoskeletal system as well as the other systems inter alia cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and excretory system. During exercise, the organs experience acute adaptation, one of which is the increased work of the heart which can be monitored through blood pressure. Blood pressure can vary depending on the situations including physical exercise. This study was aimed to obtain the difference in blood pressure of weight lifters before and after weight lifting. A non-random sampling technique was performed with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted at Hardcore Gym Manado from November to December 2015. There were 38 subjects consisting of 27 males (71.1%) and 11 females (28.9%). The results showed that there were differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressures between before and after weight lifting, as follows: the means of systolic blood pressure before and after weight lifting were 113.947±7.8290 vs 197.315±9.4871 mmHg and the means of diastolic blood pressure before and after weight lifting were 77.157±5.3551 vs. 95.473±4.0983 mmHg. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a significant difference in blood pressure before and after weight lifting (P=0.000). Conclusion: There are differences in blood pressure before and after weight lifting among weight lifters.

Keywords: blood pressure, weight lifting

Abstrak: Olahraga tidak hanya melibatkan sistem muskuloskeletal semata, namun juga mengikutsertakan sistem lain seperti sistem kardiovaskular, sistem respirasi, sistem ekskresi. Organ-organ tubuh mengalami adaptasi akut, salah satunya meningkatkanya kerja jantung yang dapat dilihat melalui tekanan darah. Tekanan darah dapat berubah-ubah bergantung situasi seperti olahraga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah olahraga angkat berat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pelaku olahraga angkat berat di Hardcore Gym Manado yang dilaksanakan pada bulan November-Desember 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non random sampling dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 38 subyek. Subyek berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 27 orang (71,1%) dan yang berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 11 orang (28,9%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah sistolik (TDS) dan tekanan darah diastolik (TDD) sebelum dan sesudah olahraga angkat berat yaitu TDS sebelum dan sesudah olahraga angkat berat sebesar 113,947±7,8290 vs 197,315±9,4871 mmHg dan TDD sebelum dan sesudah olahraga angkat berat sebesar 77,157±5,3551 vs 95,473±4,0983 mmHg. Hasil uji Wilcoxon signed rank test menunjukkan perbedaan tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah olahraga angkat berat yang bermakna dengan nilai P=0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan tekanan darah yang bermakna sebelum dan sesudah olahraga angkat berat pada pelaku olahraga angkat berat.

Kata kunci: tekanan darah, olahraga angkat berat