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Message: WARNING: include(/home/webserv/ejournal-web/cache/fc-pluginSettings-42-objectsforreviewplugin.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory
In file: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php
At line: 44
Stacktrace:
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php line 44
Function: PKPApplication->errorHandler(2, "include(/home/webserv/ejournal-web/cache/fc-pluginSettings-42-objectsforreviewplugin.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory", "/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php", 44, Array(4))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php line 44
Function: FileCache::FileCache()
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/CacheManager.inc.php line 47
Function: FileCache->FileCache("pluginSettings-42", "objectsforreviewplugin", Array(2), "/home/webserv/ejournal-web/cache")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/classes/plugins/PluginSettingsDAO.inc.php line 33
Function: CacheManager->getFileCache("pluginSettings-42", "objectsforreviewplugin", Array(2))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/classes/plugins/PluginSettingsDAO.inc.php line 49
Function: PluginSettingsDAO->_getCache("42", "objectsforreviewplugin")
File: (unknown) line (unknown)
Function: PluginSettingsDAO->getSetting("42", "objectsforreviewplugin", "enabled")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/PKPPlugin.inc.php line 376
Function: call_user_func_array(Array(2), Array(3))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/LazyLoadPlugin.inc.php line 69
Function: PKPPlugin->getContextSpecificSetting(Array(1), "enabled")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/plugins/generic/objectsForReview/ObjectsForReviewPlugin.inc.php line 57
Function: LazyLoadPlugin->getEnabled()
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/PluginRegistry.inc.php line 66
Function: ObjectsForReviewPlugin->register("generic", "plugins/generic/objectsForReview")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/PluginRegistry.inc.php line 137
Function: PluginRegistry->register("generic", Object(ObjectsForReviewPlugin), "plugins/generic/objectsForReview")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/Dispatcher.inc.php line 132
Function: PluginRegistry->loadCategory("generic", True)
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php line 178
Function: Dispatcher->dispatch(Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/index.php line 64
Function: PKPApplication->execute()
Server info:
OS: Linux
PHP Version: 5.5.38
Apache Version: N/A
DB Driver: mysql
DB server version: 5.5.62-log
ojs2 has produced an error
Message: WARNING: include(): Failed opening '/home/webserv/ejournal-web/cache/fc-pluginSettings-42-objectsforreviewplugin.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/classes:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/pages:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/pages:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/adodb:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/phputf8:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/pqp/classes:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/smarty:.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php')
In file: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php
At line: 44
Stacktrace:
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php line 44
Function: PKPApplication->errorHandler(2, "include(): Failed opening '/home/webserv/ejournal-web/cache/fc-pluginSettings-42-objectsforreviewplugin.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/classes:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/pages:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/pages:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/adodb:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/phputf8:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/pqp/classes:/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/lib/smarty:.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php')", "/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php", 44, Array(4))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/FileCache.inc.php line 44
Function: FileCache::FileCache()
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/cache/CacheManager.inc.php line 47
Function: FileCache->FileCache("pluginSettings-42", "objectsforreviewplugin", Array(2), "/home/webserv/ejournal-web/cache")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/classes/plugins/PluginSettingsDAO.inc.php line 33
Function: CacheManager->getFileCache("pluginSettings-42", "objectsforreviewplugin", Array(2))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/classes/plugins/PluginSettingsDAO.inc.php line 49
Function: PluginSettingsDAO->_getCache("42", "objectsforreviewplugin")
File: (unknown) line (unknown)
Function: PluginSettingsDAO->getSetting("42", "objectsforreviewplugin", "enabled")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/PKPPlugin.inc.php line 376
Function: call_user_func_array(Array(2), Array(3))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/LazyLoadPlugin.inc.php line 69
Function: PKPPlugin->getContextSpecificSetting(Array(1), "enabled")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/plugins/generic/objectsForReview/ObjectsForReviewPlugin.inc.php line 57
Function: LazyLoadPlugin->getEnabled()
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/PluginRegistry.inc.php line 66
Function: ObjectsForReviewPlugin->register("generic", "plugins/generic/objectsForReview")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/plugins/PluginRegistry.inc.php line 137
Function: PluginRegistry->register("generic", Object(ObjectsForReviewPlugin), "plugins/generic/objectsForReview")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/Dispatcher.inc.php line 132
Function: PluginRegistry->loadCategory("generic", True)
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php line 178
Function: Dispatcher->dispatch(Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/index.php line 64
Function: PKPApplication->execute()
Server info:
OS: Linux
PHP Version: 5.5.38
Apache Version: N/A
DB Driver: mysql
DB server version: 5.5.62-log
ojs2 has produced an error
Message: WARNING: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php:381)
In file: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/template/PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
At line: 340
Stacktrace:
File: (unknown) line (unknown)
Function: PKPApplication->errorHandler(2, "Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php:381)", "/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/template/PKPTemplateManager.inc.php", 340, Array(7))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/template/PKPTemplateManager.inc.php line 340
Function: header("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/pages/article/ArticleHandler.inc.php line 226
Function: PKPTemplateManager->display("article/article.tpl")
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Function: ArticleHandler->view(Array(2), Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPRouter.inc.php line 362
Function: call_user_func(Array(2), Array(2), Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPPageRouter.inc.php line 220
Function: PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array(2), Object(Request), Array(2), False)
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/Dispatcher.inc.php line 134
Function: PKPPageRouter->route(Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php line 178
Function: Dispatcher->dispatch(Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/index.php line 64
Function: PKPApplication->execute()
Server info:
OS: Linux
PHP Version: 5.5.38
Apache Version: N/A
DB Driver: mysql
DB server version: 5.5.62-log
ojs2 has produced an error
Message: WARNING: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php:381)
In file: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/template/PKPTemplateManager.inc.php
At line: 343
Stacktrace:
File: (unknown) line (unknown)
Function: PKPApplication->errorHandler(2, "Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php:381)", "/home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/template/PKPTemplateManager.inc.php", 343, Array(7))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/template/PKPTemplateManager.inc.php line 343
Function: header("Cache-Control: no-store")
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/pages/article/ArticleHandler.inc.php line 226
Function: PKPTemplateManager->display("article/article.tpl")
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Function: ArticleHandler->view(Array(2), Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPRouter.inc.php line 362
Function: call_user_func(Array(2), Array(2), Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPPageRouter.inc.php line 220
Function: PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest(Array(2), Object(Request), Array(2), False)
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/Dispatcher.inc.php line 134
Function: PKPPageRouter->route(Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.inc.php line 178
Function: Dispatcher->dispatch(Object(Request))
File: /home/webserv/ejournal-web/index.php line 64
Function: PKPApplication->execute()
Server info:
OS: Linux
PHP Version: 5.5.38
Apache Version: N/A
DB Driver: mysql
DB server version: 5.5.62-log
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN Lactobacillus TERHADAP GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIS MUKOSA USUS HALUS TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Escherichia coli | Towoliu | eBiomedik
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN Lactobacillus TERHADAP GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIS MUKOSA USUS HALUS TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Escherichia coli
Steviany Towoliu
Abstract
Abstract:E. coli is part of the normal flora of the human and animal intestine and is commonly non pathogenic. However, one of the serotypes of this bacteria, which is enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), can cause primary infection on the intestine such diarrhea. The growth of pathogenic bacteria in diarrheal patients can be inhibited by Lactobacillus. Lactobacillus can function as probiotic which can affect the immune system of the digestive canals. In addition, Lactobacillus also produce mucus which can act as barrier to the pathogens. The objective of this study was to reveal the effects of the administration of Lactobacillus on the microscopic features of the mucosa of the intestine of wistar rats infected by Escherichia coli. This study was a laboratory experimental research employing 16 wistar rats divided into the control group (4 rats) and three treatment groups (12 rats) consisting of 4 rats each. Results showed that; in group I the histological features were normal, in group II part of the epithelium of the mucosa showed erosion, dilatation of the capillary vessels, and many lymphosites were observed, in group III the epithelium of the mucosa was intact and the number of lymphosites was liitle, and in group IV the surface of the epithelium was intact, the presence of cell regeneration indicated by the increase number of goblet cells and a small number of lymphocyes. Conclusions: The administration of after infection by E. coli has benefial effects indicated by the improvement of epithelial cells and the absence of denudation of the epithelium of the intestine.
Abstrak: E.coli merupakan flora normal usus halus manusia dan hewan umumnya tidak menyebabkan penyakit. Namun salah satu serotipe E.coli yaitu E.coli Enteropatogenik (EPEK) bersifat patogen dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi primer pada usus misalnya diare. Pertumbuhan bakteri patogen pada pasien diare dapat dihambat oleh Lactobacillus. Lactobacillus merupakan probiotik yang akan mempengaruhi sistem imun saluran cerna serta memproduksi mukus yang berfungsi sebagai penghalang saluran cerna terhadap bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek pemberian Lactobacillus terhadap gambaran mikroskopis mukosa usus halus tikus wistar yang diinfeksi dengan Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 16 ekor tikur wistar yang dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol (4 ekor) dan kelompok perlakuan (12 ekor) dibagi dalam 3 kelompok masing-masing 4 ekor. Hasil penelitian kelompok I dengan gambaran histologik jaringan usus normal, kelompok II sebagian epitel mukosa usus halus terlihat erosi, ada pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler, dan banyak limfosit, kelompok III dengan permukaan epitel mukosa yang utuh dan jumlah limfosit sedikit, dan kelompok IV dengan permukaan epitel yang utuh, adanya regenerasi sel ditandai dengan bertambahnya sel goblet, dan sedikit limfosit. Simpulan: Pemberian Lactobacillus setelah diberikan E.coli memberi efek yang baik berupa perbaikan sel epitel permukaan dan tidak terlihat denudasi epitel permukaan usus halus.
Kata Kunci: E.coli, Lactobacillus, mukosa usus halus.