FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN SAMPO ANTIKETOMBE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ALAMANDA (Allamanda cathartica L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Candida albicans SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN SAMPO ANTIKETOMBE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ALAMANDA (Allamanda cathartica L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Candida albicans SECARA IN VITRO

Mardinda Bellia Sitompul¹⁾, Paulina V.Y YamLean¹⁾, Novel S. Kojong¹⁾

¹⁾Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115

ABSTRACT

Dandruff is an anomaly condition on the scalp and one of the causal factor is Candida albicans. Allamanda cathartica leaf a natural substance which is containing of anti-fungi compound, namely alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid, and steroid. The purpose of this research was to make the formulation of anti-dandruff shampoo preparation of Allamanda cathartica Leaf Ethanol Extract with three variations of concentration which were 15%, 30% and 45% and to examine the increasing concentration effect of Allamanda cathartica Leaf Ethanol Extract in anti-dandruff shampoo preparation to anti-fungi activity. The result of this research proved that Allamanda cathartica leaf could be formulated as an anti-dandruff shampoo preparation which was eligible in organoleptic, pH, foam height and water level. Anti-fungi activity was examined with well diffusion test to determine the anti-fungi activity by observing the inhibited area. One way anova test showed that there were the significant difference in the diameter of inhibitory zone and was continued with Duncan test with 5% of confidence level showed that the highest inhibitory zone diameter was in concentration 45% and control (+) Ketomed Ketoconazole shampoo.

Keywords: Allamanda cathartica leaf, anti-dandruff shampoo, Candida albicans

ABSTRAK

Ketombe merupakan suatu keadaan anomali pada kulit kepala dan salah satu penyebabnya ialah jamur Candida albicans. Daun Allamanda cathartica merupakan bahan alam yang mengandung senyawa antijamur, yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid dan steroid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat formulasi sediaan sampo antiketombe ekstrak etanol daun Allamanda cathartica dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi yakni 15%, 30% dan 45% dan menguji pengaruh peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun Allamanda cathartica pada sediaan sampo antiketombe terhadap aktivitas antijamur. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa daun Allamanda cathartica dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan sampo antiketombe yang memenuhi persyaratan seperti organoleptik, pH, tinggi busa dan kadar air. Uji aktivitas antijamur dilakukan dengan metode difusi cara sumuran untuk mengetahui efektivitas antijamur dengan mengamati daerah hambatan. Uji one way anova menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada diameter zona hambat dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf kepercayaan 5% menunjukkan diameter zona hambat tertinggi pada konsentrasi 45% dan kontrol (+) sampo Ketomed Ketokonazol.

Kata kunci: daun Allamanda cathartica, sampo antiketombe, Candida albicans