Komunitas ikan pada terumbu buatan pipa paralon dan biorock di perairan pantai Malalayang, Kota Manado Sulawesi Utara (Fish community inartificial reefs of paralon pipe and biorock, placedin coastal waters of Malalayang, Manado North Sulawesi)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jitpt.3.2.2018.21282Abstract
Coral reefs in Malalayang coastal waters has degraded due to impact of restoration and pollution, especially domestic disposals. It makes the fishermen communities who depend upon the coral reef fisheries difficult to fish in the coastal waters. One of the solutions for coral restoration is to develop artificial reefs. The objective of the study is to know the ecological condition of the fish communities in two types of artificial reefs, biorock and paralon pipe. Data sampling was done every week for one month in the morning at 09.00 O’clock am and afternoon at 14.00 pm, using stationary visual census method. The data covered species and number of coral fishes around the artificial reefs. Data analyses focused on the diversity and the richness individu. Results showed that the fish communities in both artificial reefs that the fish occurrence in the biorock were relatively higher than those in the paralon pipe, this is related to habitat conditions in biorock providing a greater opportunity for the presence of fish there. There were 13 to 15 fish genera found in both artificial reefs. The highest number was recorded in the morning. The diversity of fish species is low, but the abundance of fish is classifiedas moderate criteria.
Keywords: artificial reef, coral fish, Malalayang Manado, Biorock
Abstrak
Terumbu karang di perairan pantai Malalayang sudah mengalami degradasi, karena dampak kegiatan reklamasi dan polusi terutama sampah. Hal ini menyebabkan masyarakat nelayan yang hidupnya bergantung pada perikanan terumbu karang semakin sulit menangkap ikan di perairan pesisir. Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan untuk merestorasi sumberdaya alam yang rusak adalah terumbu buatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kondisi ekologi komunitas ikan pada dua tipe terumbu buatan, yakni biorock dan pipa paralon. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan dua kali dalam sehari yaitu pagi hari (pukul 09.00 Wita) dan siang hari (14.00 Wita) selama sebulan, dengan menggunakan metode stationery visual sensus. Data komunitas ikan yang dianalisa adalah keragaman dan kekayaan jenis. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah Keberadaan ikan di terumbu buatan biorock relatif lebih banyak dari pada di terumbu buatan pipa paralon. Ada 13 sampai 15 jenis ikan yang ditemukan di terumbu buatan biorock dan pipa paralon. Jumlah yang terbanyak dijumpai pada pengamatan di pagi hari. Nilai keragaman jenis ikan tergolong rendah, namun memiliki kelimpahan ikan yang tergolong sedang sampai tinggi.
Kata kunci: Terumbu buatan, ikan karang, Malalayang Manado, Biorock.
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