Kesesuaian Lahan Kawasan Permukiman dengan Metode Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (Studi Kasus: Re-Evaluasi RTRW Kota Manado)

Abstract

This study was conducted to: (1) analyze the land suitability for residential development in Manado City based on biophysical characteristics; (2) evaluate existing residential areas in relation to land suitability and the spatial planning pattern of the Manado City RTRW; and (3) formulate directions for the re-evaluation of the RTRW spatial pattern and recommendations for residential area management. The analysis employed the Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (SMCA) method within a Geographic Information System (GIS) and an overlay analysis by integrating the land suitability map, the existing residential area map, and the Manado City Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) 2023–2042 spatial pattern map. The results indicate that the biophysical characteristics of Manado City generally support residential development. Of the total study area of 16,234.90 ha, the Suitable (S2) class is the dominant category, covering 6,278.40 ha (39%), followed by the Moderately Suitable (S3) class with 4,826.70 ha (30%), the Not Suitable (N) class with 3,455.00 ha (21%), and the Highly Suitable (S1) class with 1,674.70 ha (10%). The evaluation of existing residential areas, covering 5,525.02 ha, shows that 1,241.53 ha (22.47%) fall within the Highly Suitable (S1) class, 2,394.39 ha (43.34%) within the Suitable (S2) class, 1,599.26 ha (28.95%) within the Moderately Suitable (S3) class, 183.68 ha (3.32%) within the Not Suitable (N) class, and 106.15 ha (1.92%) are classified as Not Recommended, as they are located within protected areas where residential use is not permitted under the RTRW spatial pattern.