ANALISIS EKONOMI PENGGUNAAN SMART GREENHOUSE SISTEM DEEP WATER CULTURE (DWC) UNTUK TANAMAN BAYAM (Amaranthus sp.) DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG SATU TIMUR KOTA MANADO

Abstract

One of the cultivation systems widely applied in modern greenhouses is hydroponics, namely a soilless planting method with Deep Water Culture (DWC), providing advantages in water use efficiency, nutrient control, and optimal root oxygenation because the plant roots are directly submerged in an oxygen-rich nutrient solution. However, implementing the Deep Water Culture (DWC) Smart Greenhouse technology system requires relatively high initial investment and operational costs compared to conventional farming methods. It is therefore, an engineering economic analysis is essential to assess the financial feasibility and efficiency of the system. This research was conducted for four months, from July to October 2025, in Malalayang Satu Timur Village, Malalayang District, Manado City, North Sulawesi. Results showed that, the total initial investment cost of the Smart Greenhouse Deep Water Culture (DWC) system required is Rp. 10,450,700, with variable costs of Rp. 2,352,258/year and total operational costs per cycle of Rp. 558,332, with a total production of around 42.75 kg of spinach per cycle, resulting in a profit of Rp. 2,751,922/year. Based on the economic feasibility analysis: The Net Present Value (NPV) value of Rp. 7,180,734 (positive) indicates that the project is feasible; The Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio) value of 1.47 (>1) indicates that the benefits obtained are greater than the costs incurred, and The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) value is 18%. Thus, the use of Smart Greenhouse Deep Water Culture (DWC) system for vegetable crops is declared economically feasible and has the potential to increase the efficiency and profitability of vegetable farming businesses on a small and medium scale.

Keywords: Spinach, hydroponics, smart greenhouse