Gambaran kejadian Struma di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Juni 2015 – Juni 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v6i2.22116Abstract
Abstract: Struma or goitre is an enlargement of thyroid gland, diffuse or nodular. The anatomical location of the thyroid gland which is adjacent to the trachea, larynx, superior nerves, inferior laryngeal and esophagus could cause symptoms of compression if there is abnormal growth of the thyroid gland. The most common cause of thyroid hormone deficiency is lack of iodine consumption. Based on the functional activity of the thyroid gland, goitre is divided into toxic and non-toxic goitre. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of goitre based on age, sex, area of reresidence, and risk factors of goitre. This was a descriptive retrospective study using medical record data of goitre patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from June 2015 to June 2018. There were 183 patients with goitre in this study. The most common type of goitre was nontoxic nodule (71,6%). Most patients were 45-54 years old (23.5%), females (83.6%), lived in lowland (79.8%), and had surgical treatment (42.6%). Conclusion: Most patients with goitre had nontoxic nodular goitre, aged 45-54 years old, female, lived in lowland, and had surgical treatment.
Keywords: struma, iodine deficiency
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Abstrak: Struma atau goiter merupakan pembesaran kelenjar tiroid, yang dapat berbentuk difusa atau nodusa. Letak anatomis dari kelenjar tiroid yang berdekatan dengan trakea, laring, saraf superior dan inferior laryngeal, serta esofagus akan menyebabkan munculnya gejala-gejala kompresi jika terdapat pertumbuhan abnormal pada kelenjar tiroid. Penyebab paling sering dari defisiensi hormon tiroid ialah konsumsi yodium yang tidak cukup. Struma dibagi sesuai dengan perubahan aktivitas fungsional dari kelenjar tiroid, yaitu struma toksik dan non toksik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran penyakit struma berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, wilayah tempat tinggal, dan faktor risiko lain dari penyakit struma. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien struma di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juni 2015 – Juni 2018. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 183 pasien dengan struma. Jenis struma yang terbanyak ialah struma nontoksik nodusa (71,6%). Pasien terbanyak berusia 45-54 tahun (23,5%), jenis kelamin perempuan (83,6%), tinggal di dataran rendah (79,8%), dan jenis terapi operatif (42,6%). Simpulan: Kejadian pasien struma tertinggi pada jenis struma non toksik nodusa, jenis kelamin perempuan, usia 45-54 tahun, wilayah tempat tinggal di dataran rendah, dan jenis terapi operatif.
Kata kunci: struma, defisiensi yodium
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