Gambaran Hiperbilirubinemia pada Bayi Aterm dan Prematur di RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

Abstract

Abstract: Hyperbilirubinemia is an increase of blood bilirubin level due to physiological or non-physiologic factors, which is clinically characterized by jaundice. In neonates, their livers have not worked optimally, therefore, the process of glucuronidation of bilirubin does not occur optimally. This situation causes the predominance of unconjugated bilirubin in the blood. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases in the Pediatrics Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. We used medical record data of neonatal hiperbilirubinemia in aterm and premature neonates at the Pediatrics Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital during 2014-2015. The results showed that there were 54 cases, consisted of 32 males (59.3%) and 22 females (40.7%). Among aterm neonates, mean direct bilirubin was 3.97 mg/dL; mean indirect bilirubin was 11.76 mg/dL; and mean total bilirubin was 15.69 mg/dL. Meanwhile, among premature neonates, mean direct bilirubin was 0.87 mg/dL; mean indirect bilirubin was 12.48 mg/dL; and mean total bilirubin was 13.35 mg/dL. In conclusion, at the Pediatrics Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was more common in aterm neonates compared to premature neonates. Moreover, it is more common in males than in females.

Keywords: hyperbilirubinemia, bilirubin, aterm meonates, premature neonates

 

Abstrak: Hiperbilirubinemia ialah terjadinya peningkatan kadar bilirubin dalam darah, baik oleh faktor fisiologi maupun non-fisiologi, yang secara klinis ditandai dengan ikterus. Pada neonatus, hati belum berfungsi secara optimal sehingga proses glukuronidasi bilirubin tidak terjadi secara maksimal yang menyebabkan dominasi bilirubin tak terkonjugasi dalam darah. Penelitian in bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran hiperbilirubinemia pada bayi aterm dan prematur di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Data penelitian diperoleh dari rekam medik kejadian hiperbilirubinemia pada bayi aterm dan prematur di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode 2014-2015. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 54 kasus dengan diagnosis hiperbilirubinemia yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian, terdiri dari 32 pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki (59,3%) dan 22 berjenis kelamin perempuan (40,7%). Pada bayi aterm, rerata bilirubin direk sebesar 3,97 mg/dL; rerata bilirubin indirek 11,76 mg/dL; dan rerata bilirubin total 15,69 mg/dL. Pada bayi prematur, rerata bilirubin direk sebesar 0,87 mg/dL; rerata bilirubin indirek 12,48 mg/dL; dan rerata bilirubin total 13,35 mg/dL. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kasus hiperbilirubinemia di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado lebih sering pada bayi aterm dibandingkan bayi prematur, dan lebih sering pada jenis kelamin laki-laki.

Kata kunci: hiperbilirubinemia, bilirubin, bayi aterm, bayi prematur