Perubahan Status Gizi pada Anak dengan Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut Selama Terapi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v8i1.28290Abstract
Abstract: Nutritional status of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be altered by either chemotherapy or the leukemia itself. This study was aimed to evaluate the nutritional status alteration of ALL survivors who were treated at Estella Pediatric Cancer Care Manado. This was a cohort retrospective study involving survivors of ALL treated at Estella Pediatric Cancer Care Manado from January 2006 to December 2013. Data were collected from medical records, including body weight and height upon admission, end of induction, and at the beginning of maintenance as well as at the end of treatment. Nutritional status was assesed according to WHO 2006 and CDC 2000 growth charts. Data were analyzed using sign tests. The results showed that there were 31 ALL survivors consisted of 18 males and 13 females. Seventeen children were categorized as standard risk and 14 as high risk. A significant nutritional alteration was accrued during treatment, mainly in the induction phase (p<0.05). These consisted of 1 child who had declined nutritional status, 15 children had no change of nutritional status, and 15 children had increased nutritional status. In conclusion, there is a significant alteration of nutritional status during ALL chemotherapy.
Keywords: treatment of ALL, nutritional status
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Abstrak: Status gizi pada anak dengan leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA) dapat mengalami perubahan oleh karena kemoterapi atau penyakit leukemia itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan status gizi pada survivor LLA yang telah mendapat terapi di Pusat Kanker Anak Estella Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah kohort-retrospektif pada survivor LLA yang telah mendapatkan terapi di Pusat Kanker Anak Estella Manado dari bulan Januari 2006 sampai Desember 2013. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis, termasuk berat badan dan tinggi badan saat masuk rumah sakit, akhir fase induksi, saat awal pada fase maintenance, dan pada akhir dari terapi. Status gizi dinilai berdasarkan kurva WHO 2006 dan CDC 2000. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan test sign. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 31 anak survivor LLA, terdiri dari 18 laki-laki dan 13 perempuan. Terdapat 17 anak yang masuk dalam kategori risiko standar dan 14 anak masuk dalam kategori risiko tinggi. Perubahan status gizi secara bermakna terjadi selama terapi, terutama pada fase induksi (p<0,05), yaitu pada akhir terapi didapatkan 1 anak dengan penurunan status gizi, 15 anak tanpa perubahan status gizi, dan 15 anak dengan peningkatan status gizi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perubahan yang bermakna pada status gizi selama pemberian kemoterapi LLA.
Kata kunci: terapi pada LLA, status gizi
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