GAMBARAN FAKTOR RISIKO PENDERITA SINDROM KORONER AKUT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v2i1.3611Abstract
Abstract: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is an uncomfortable condition or other symptoms in the chest due to lack of oxygen consumption in myocardium. In 2004, WHO reported that myocard infarct is main cause of death in the world. There is a strong correlation of risk factor to incidence of acute coronary syndrome. Prevention of acute coronary syndrome case is needed by identifying the risk factor that contributes to the acute coronary syndrome to occur. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors of acute coronary syndrome. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional. Forty four cases defined as ACS were evaluated in this study, 32 cases were men and 12 cases were women. The majority of ACS cases were 46-55 years old. The risk factor were found were : hypertension were 37 cases, diabetes were 18 cases, raised cholesterol total level were 18 cases, raised LDL level were 32 cases, raised uric acid level were 13 cases, smoking habits were 11 cases. Only 1 cases were having cardiovascular disease history in family.In this study the majority risk factors were hypertension, diabetes, and raised cholesterol level. The highest number of risk factor is 7 risk factors, only 2 cases were having 2 risk factors
Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, myocard infarct, risk factor
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Abstrak: Sindrom koroner akut (SKA) adalah sebuah kondisi yang melibatkan ketidaknyamanan dada atau gejala lain yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya oksigen ke otot jantung (miokardium). Menurut laporan WHO, pada tahun 2004, penyakit infark miokard akut merupakan penyebab kematian utama di dunia.Sebuah studi menjelaskan hubungan yang kuat antara faktor risiko dengan kejadian sindrom koroner akut. Perlu upaya pengendalian kejadian SKA dengan mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berperan terhadap terjadinya SKA.Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko penderita sindrom koroner akut ini menggunakan metode retrospektif dengan studi cross-sectional.Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 44 orang. Penderita laki-laki lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan penderita perempuan. Kelompok usia terbanyak yang menderita SKA adalah 46-55 tahun. Terdapat 37 orang penderita yang memiliki tekanan darah di atas normal. Terdapat 18 orang memiliki kadar gula darah puasa meningkat. Kadar kolesterol total meningkat dimiliki oleh 18 orang penderita. Kadar kolesterol LDL meningkat dimiliki oleh 32 orang penderita. Kadar kolesterol HDL rendah dimiliki oleh 15 orang penderita. Tiga belas orang memiliki kadar asam urat tinggi. Sebelas orang memiliki riwayat merokok. Hanya 1 orang memiliki riwayat penyakit kardiovaskuler dalam keluarga. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko utama pada penelitian ini adalah hipertensi, diabetes, dan peningkatan kadar kolesterol. Faktor risiko terbanyak adalah 7 faktor risiko yang dimiliki oleh 3 orang penderita. Hanya 2 orang penderita yang memiliki 2 faktor risiko.
Kata kunci:sindrom koroner akut, infark miokard, faktor risiko
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