Analisis risiko bahaya dengan metode HIRADC pada salah satu perusahaan berskala internasional di Sulawesi Utara

Abstract

Abstract: Companies need a strategy to determine the number of occupational accidents and occupational diseases with risk management. HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining Control) is one of the key elements of a safe work plan that can minimize cases of occupational accidents and occupational diseases. This study aimed to determine the potential hazards and risk levels of the oilmill and maintenance work area of PT. X international crude oil companies in North Sulawesi, risk control and application of control methods in the field. This was a qualitative study for the application of HIRADC method conducted in South Minahasa Regency. Recruitment of informants based on purposive sampling as many as 11 employees at oilmill and maintenance area as the main informants, and EHS Supervisor as the key informant and the Head of Department (HOD) as additional informants. The instruments of this study were the in-depth interview matrix and the HIRADC matrix. Data were obtained by observation, in-depth interviews and company document, then were analyzed with HIRADC method. The results obtained 68 types of hazards including physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychological hazards. The risk levels of hazards were high risk (H 35.2%), medium risk (M 58.8%), and low risk (L 5,8%) hazards; no hazard at the extreme risk level (E). The identification of highlighted hazards was the potential hazard of noise, heatstress, welding and grinding dust, with the highest levels of risk were the M risk (58.8%) and the H risk (35.2%). In conclusion, it is necessary to take control of measures according to the hierarchy of control in the form of substitution, engineering control, administration and personal protective equipment (PPE).

Keywords: potential hazard; risk level; Occupational Health and Safety; Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determing Control (HIRADC)

Abstrak: Perusahaan memerlukan strategi untuk menentukan angka kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja dengan manajemen risiko. HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining Control) ialah salah satu elemen kunci dari rencana kerja yang aman yang bisa meminimalisir kasus kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya dan tingkat risiko area kerja Oilmill dan Maintenance PT. X perusahaan minyak kelapa mentah bertaraf internasional di Sulawesi Utara, pengendalian risiko serta penerapan metode pengendalian di lapangan. Jenis penelitian ialah kualitatif untuk aplikasi metode HIRADC. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada salah satu perusahaan berskala internasional di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Rekrutmen informan berdasarkan purposive sampling, sebanyak 11 orang yaitu karyawan area Oilmill dan Maintenance sebagai informan utama, serta EHS Supervisor sebagai informan kunci dan Head of Department (HOD) sebagai informan tambahan. Instrumen penelitian ini yaitu matriks wawancara mendalam dan matriks HIRADC. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan dan dokumen perusahaan, kemudian dianalisis dengan metode HIRADC. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 68 jenis bahaya termasuk bahaya fisik, kimia, biologi, ergonomi dan psikologi. Tingkat risiko didapatkan rendah (L 5,8%), sedang (M 58,8%), dan tinggi (H 35,2%); tidak terdapat jenis bahaya tingkat risiko ekstrim (E). Identifikasi bahaya yang menjadi highlight ialah potensi bahaya kebisingan, heatstress, debu pengelasan dan gerinda dengan tingkat risiko terbanyak ialah tingkat M (58,8%) dan H (35,2%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah diperlukan tindakan pengendalian sesuai hierarchy of control berupa substitusi, rekayasa engineering, administrasi dan APD (alat pelindung diri).

Kata kunci: potensi bahaya; tingkat risiko; Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja; Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determing Control (HIRADC)