Gambaran Ultrasonografi Ginjal pada Penderita Penyakit Ginjal Kronis dengan Nefrolitiasis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Periode Juli 2022 hingga Juli 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v12i3.53393Abstract
Abstract: Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence and mortality rate has increased in the past 27 years. One of the intrinsic etiologies of CKD is nephrolithiasis, making renal ultrasonography important for diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the overview of renal ultrasonography in CKD patients with nephrolithiasis at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This was a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data in the form of medical records of CKD patients with nephrolithiasis who were performed renal ultrasonography at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 with the total sampling method. The results showed that from 76 patients analyzed, the predominance was found in 56-65 years old (36.8%), male (69.7%), 3rd severity grade of CKD (72.4%), and patients who did not undergo routine hemodialysis (61.8%). Most renal ultrasonography characteristics were normal size (61.8%), increased parenchymal echogenicity (84.2%), thinned cortex (52.6%), blurred corticomedullary echogenicity differentiation (77.6%), normal pelviocalyceal system (78.3%), and there were stones (62.5%) <1 cm in size (35.5%) in the medius pole of the right kidney (30.3%) and the inferior pole of the left kidney (40.8%). In conclusion, CKD patients with nephrolithiasis were predominantly aged 56-65 years, male, classified as 3rd severity grade of CKD, and did not undergo routine hemodialysis.
Keywords: chronic kidney disease; nephrolithiasis; renal ultrasonography
Abstrak: Secara global, prevalensi penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) dan angka kematian meningkat dalam kurun waktu 27 tahun terakhir. Salah satu etiologi intrinsik PGK ialah nefrolitiasis. Pemeriksaan ultrasonografi (USG) ginjal penting dilakukan untuk mendiagnosis penyakit ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran USG ginjal pada penderita PGK dengan nefrolitiasis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien PGK dengan nefrolitiasis yang melakukan pemeriksaan USG ginjal di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou pada Juli 2022 hingga Juli 2023 dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 76 pasien PGK sebagai sampel yang didominasi kelompok usia 56−65 tahun (36,8%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (69,7%), pasien yang tidak menjalani hemodialisis rutin (61,8%), dan derajat keparahan 3 (72,4%). Gambaran USG ginjal didominasi oleh ukuran normal (61,8%), ekogenisitas parenkim meningkat (84,2%), korteks menipis (52,6%), batas ekogenisitas kortikomedular mengabur (77,6%), sistem pelviokalises normal (78,3%), dan terdapat batu (62,5%) berukuran <1 cm (35,5%) di pole medius pada ginjal kanan (30,3%) dan pole inferior pada ginjal kiri (40,8%). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah penderita PGK dengan nefrolitiasis didominasi oleh kelompok usia 56−65 tahun, laki-laki, derajat keparahan 3, dan tidak menjalani hemodialisis rutin.
Kata kunci: nefrolitiasis; penyakit ginjal kronis; ultrasonografi ginjal
References
Augustine J, Wee AC, Krishnamurthi V, Goldfarb DA. Renal insufficiency and ischemic nephropathy. In: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, editors. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology (12th ed). Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2020. p. 1927.
Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. New York: United Nations; 2015. Available from: https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981
Bikbov B, Purcell CA, Levey AS, Smith M, Abdoli A, Abebe M, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet. 2020;395(10225):709–22. Doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30045-3
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta; 2018.
Mitch WE. Chronic kidney disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, editors. Goldman-Cecil Medicine (26th ed). Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. p. 799.
Sakhaee K, Moe OW. Urolithiasis. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, editors. Brenner and Rector’s The Kidney (11th ed). Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. p. 1310.
Chuang TF, Hung HC, Li SF, Lee MW, Pai JY, Hung CT. Risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with kidney stones - A nationwide cohort study. BMC Nephrol. 2020;21(1):292. Doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-01950-2
Christy J, Martadiani DE, Sitanggang FP. Gambaran ultrasonografi ginjal pada penyakit ginjal kronis di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Jurnal Medika Udayana. 2020;9(7):36–40. Doi: https://doi.org/10.24843/ MU.2020.V09.i7.P07
Rahmayati E, Sari G, Apriantoro NH, Prayogi UD, Irwan D, Restiyanti Y, et al. Gambaran morfologi USG ginjal dengan kreatinin tinggi pada kasus gagal ginjal kronik. In: KOCENIN Serial Konferensi. Indonesia: Webinar Nasional Pakar ke 4 Tahun 2021; 2021. p. 1.2.1-1.2.7.
Gani NSM, Ali RH, Paat B. Gambaran ultrasonografi ginjal pada penderita gagal ginjal kronik di Bagian Radiologi FK Unsrat/SMF Radiologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 1 April – 30 September 2015. e-CliniC. 2017;5(2):133–6. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v5i2.17419
Ridwan MS, Timban JFJ, Ali RH. Gambaran ultrasonografi ginjal pada penderita nefrolitiasis di Bagian Radiologi FK Unsrat BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 1 Januari-30 Juni 2014. e-Clinic. 2015;3(1):267–71. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v3i1.6828
Akbar MY, Mardhatillah, Putra E. Hubungan karakteristik pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis dengan mekanisme koping di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Provinsi Aceh 2022. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa. 2022;1(1):1–19.
Ratu G, Badji A. Profil analisis batu saluran kemih di laboratorium Patologi Klinik. Indones J Clinical Pathol Med Laboratory. 2006;12(3):114–7. Doi:10.24293/ijcpml.v12i3.870
Fajriansyah, Nisa M. Evaluasi tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat antihipertensi pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik lanjut usia. Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung. 2017;3(2):178–85. Available from: download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/
Iseki K. Gender differences in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2008;74(4):415–7. Doi: 10.1038/ki.2008.261
Pranandari R, Supadmi W. Faktor risiko gagal ginjal kronik di Unit Hemodialisis RSUD Wates Kulon Progo. Majalah Farmaseutik. 2015;11(2):316–20. Doi: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v11i2.24120
Akmal. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian batu saluran kemih di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Diagnosis. 2013;3(5):56–61.
Tondok MEB, Monoarfa A, Limpeleh H. Angka kejadian batu ginjal di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2010–Desember 2012. e-CliniC. 2014;2(1):1–7. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.35790/ecl.v2i1.3722
Bakirci T, Sasak G, Ozturk S, Akcay S, Sezer S, Haberal M. Pleural effusion in long-term hemodialysis patients. Transplant Proc. 2007;39(4):889–91. Doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.02.020
Shoag J, Halpern J, Goldfarb DS, Eisner BH. Risk of chronic and end stage kidney disease in patients with nephrolithiasis. Journal of Urology. 2014;192(5):1440–5. Doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.05.117
Siddappa JK, Singla S, Al Ameen M, Rakshith SC, Kumar N. Correlation of ultrasonographic parameters with serum creatinine in chronic kidney disease. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2013;3(1):28. Doi: 10.4103/2156-7514.114809
Singh A, Gupta K, Chander R, Vira M. Sonographic grading of renal cortical echogenicity and raised serum creatinine in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2016;5(38):2279–86. Doi:10.14260/JEMDS/2016/530
Hoi S, Takata T, Sugihara T, Ida A, Ogawa M, Mae Y, et al. Predictive value of cortical thickness measured by ultrasonography for renal impairment: a longitudinal study in chronic kidney disease. J Clin Med. 2018;7(12):527. Doi: 10.3390/jcm7120527
Sabudi IMNG, Duarsa GWK, Santosa KB, Yudiana IW, Tirtayasa PMW, Pramana IBP, et al. Karakteristik pasien batu ginjal dengan tatalaksana retrograde intra-renal surgery di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah dan Rumah Sakit Surya Husada: initial report tahun 2017-2019. Intisari Sains Medis. 2020;11(2):665–8. Doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i2.583
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Natalie G. E. Tombokan, Alfa G. E. Y. Rondo, Martin L. Simanjuntak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
