Identifikasi Pola Bakteri dan Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik di Ruang Intensive Care Unit RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v12i3.53546Abstract
Abstract: Nosocomial infections or Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are infections acquired during the process of receiving health care in hospitals, which appear within >48 hours. Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are twice as likely to contract nosocomial infections compared to the general hospital population, with a fairly high and increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to identify bacterial patterns and antibiotic sensitivity tests of bacteria in the ICU of RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Bacterial pattern identification was performed on 10 samples, then samples were cultured in nutrient agar and Mac Conkey at the Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Identification of bacteria was conducted using the Gram stain. The results obtained Bacillus sp. (42%); Staphylococcus sp. (33%); Neisseria sp. (17%); and Staphylococcus aureus (8%). All bacteria were sensitive to amikacin, and nearly all of them were resistant to ceftriazone except Bacillus sp and Staphylococcus sp. In conclusion, the most common bacteria at the Intensive Care Unit of RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado is Bacillus sp. which is sensitive to amikacin and meropenem, but it is resistant to ampicilin.
Keywords: bacterial pattern; nosocomial infection; antibiotic sensitivity test
Abstrak: Infeksi nosokomial (Healtcare Associated Infections - HAIs) adalah infeksi yang diperoleh selama proses menerima perawatan kesehatan di rumah sakit, yang muncul dalam waktu >48 jam. Pasien di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) dua kali lebih berisiko tertular infeksi nosokomial dibandingkan dengan populasi rumah sakit umumnya dengan beban resistensi antimikroba di ICU yang cukup tinggi dan terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola bakteri yang ditemukan dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik pada bakteri di ruang ICU RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan desain potong lintang. Identifikasi pola bakteri dilakukan pada 10 sampel, kemudian dikultur menggunakan nutrient agar dan Mac Conkey di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi, dan identifikasi bakteri dengan pewarnaan Gram. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bakteri Bacillus sp. (42%); Staphylococcus sp. (33%); Neisseria sp. (17%); serta Staphylococcus aureus (8%). Semua bakteri sensitif terhadap antibiotik amikacin dan hampir semua bakteri resisten terhadap antibiotik ceftriazone kecuali Bacillus sp dan Staphylococcus sp. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu bakteri terbanyak yang ditemukan di Ruang ICU ialah Bacillus sp. yang sensitif terhadap amikacin dan meropenem, namun resisten terhadap ampicilin.
Kata kunci: pola bakteril infeksi nosokomiall; uji kepekaan antibiotik
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