Identifikasi Pola Bakteri dan Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik di Ruangan Instalasi Gawat Darurat RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v12i3.54050Abstract
Abstract: Incidents of infection originating from hospitals can be referred to as Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). Generally, hospitals have implemented policies and clinical practices in control of HAIs and the appropriate use of antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection spread and the development of antibiotic resistance. However, antibiotic administration in the Emergency Room (ER) significantly contributes to the excessive use of antibiotics, which may pose a problem of antibiotic resistance. This study aieds to determine the bacterial pattern and antibiotic sensitivity in the ER of RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. This was an observational and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Identification of bacterial pattern and antibiotic sensitivity test on bacteria in the ER of RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado used the standard procedure in Microbiology Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sam Ratulangi. The antibiotic sensitivity test for Bacillus sp. (53.84%), Staphylococcus sp. (38,46%), and Streptococcus sp. (7,69%) revealed the highest sensitivity to the antibiotics meropenem and gentamicin, while the antibiotics ampicillin/sulbactam and vancomycin showed the highest resistance levels. In conclusion, Gram-positive bacteria dominates the bacteria in the emerfency room of RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado, with Bacillus sp. being the most prevalent.
Keywords: bacterial pattern; antibiotic sensitivity test; emergency room
Abstrak: Kejadian infeksi yang berasal dari rumah sakit termasuk dalam Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). Rumah sakit telah menerapkan kebijakan dan praktik klinis dalam pengendalian HAIs dan penggunaan antibiotik yang tepat untuk mengurangi risiko penyebaran infeksi dan perkembangan resistansi antibiotik. Namun, ditemukan bahwa pemberian antibiotik di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) secara signifikan berkontribusi terhadap penggunaan berlebihan dari obat antibiotik yang kemungkinan menimbulkan masalah resistansi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola bakteri dan sensitivitas antibiotik di ruangan IGD RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observational dengan desain potong lintang. Identifikasi pola bakteri dan uji sensitivitas pada bakteri di ruangan IGD RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado menggunakan prosedur standar di Laboratorium FK Unsrat. Hasil identifikasi diperoleh bakteri Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., dan Streptococcus sp. Uji sensitivitas antibiotik dari bakteri Bacillus sp. (53,84%), Staphylococcus sp. (38,46%), serta Streptococcus sp. (7,69%), mendapatkan tingkat sensitivitas tertinggi ditunjukkan terhadap antibiotik meropenem dan gentamicin, sedangkan hasil antibiotik ampicillin/sulbactam dan vancomycin memiliki tingkat resistensi tertinggi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah bakteri Gram positif mendominasi bakteri di ruangan IGD RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado, dengan ditemukannya Bacillus sp. terbanyak.
Kata kunci: pola bakteri; uji sensitivitas antibiotik; Instalasi Gawat Darurat
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