Hubungan Kadar Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dengan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i1.60869Abstract
Abstract: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that can cause complications, especially complications related to the cardiovascular system. This disease is closely related to low density lipoprotein (LDL) level. Excessive LDL level can cause atherosclerosis, leading to hypertension. According to Riskesdas 2018, North Sulawesi has a high prevalence of hypertension. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between the level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and blood pressure among hypertensive patients. This study was conducted at RSUD ODSK of North Sulawesi Province, which is the only regional hospital owned by North Sulawesi Province. This was an analytical and observational study with a cross sectional and restrospective approach using medical records of hypertensive patients. The results showed that from 78 patients, the highest percentages were found in female sex (62.8%), age group 55-64 years (30,8%), LDL level above optimal (38.5%), and hypertension grade 1 (57.7%). The Pearson correlation test for the relationship between LDL level and blood pressure obtained a p-value of 0,019 for systolic blood pressure, and a p-value of 0.037 for diastolic blood pressure. In conclusion, there is a relationship between LDL level and blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Keywords: hypertension; low density lipoprotein
Abstrak: Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi terutama komplikasi yang berkaitan dengan sistem kardiovaskular. Hipertensi memiliki kaitan erat dengan kadar low density lipoprotein (LDL). Kadar LDL berlebihan dapat menyebabkan aterosklerosis hingga berujung pada hipertensi. Sulawesi Utara memiliki prevalensi hipertensi yang tinggi menurut data RISKESDAS 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar low density lipoprotein (LDL) dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara yang merupakan satu-satunya rumah sakit daerah milik Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medis pasien hipertensi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan dari 78 pasien yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini, yang terbanyak ialah pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan (62,8%), kelompok usia 55-64 tahun (30,8%), kadar LDL di atas optimal (38,5%), dan hipertensi derajat 1 (57,7%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji korelasi Pearson, didapatkan adanya korelasi antara kadar LDL dengan tekanan darah sistolik (p=0,019) dan dengan tekanan darah diastolik (p=0,037). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pada pasien dengan hipertensi terdapat hubungan antara kadar LDL dengan tekanan darah.
Kata kunci: penyandang hipertensi; low density lipoprotein; high density lipoprotein
References
Laurensia L, Destra E, Saint HO, Syihab MAQ, Ernawati E. Program intervensi pencegahan peningkatan kasus hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sindang Jaya. E-Amal J Pengabdi Kpd Masy. 2022;2(2):1227–32. Doi: https://doi.org/10.47492/eamal.v2i2.1472
World Health Organization. Hypertension [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
Angelia C, Priyana A. Hubungan hipertensi dengan kadar kolesterol LDL pada pasien sindrom koroner akut di Rumah Sakit Umum Santo Antonius Pontianak tahun 2019-2021. Al-Iqra Med J. 2023;6(1):7–13. Doi: https://doi.org/10.26618/aimj.v6i1.9013
Kemenkes RI. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementerian Kesehatan RI [Internet]. 2018;53(9): Available from: https://kesmas.kemkes.go.id/assets/upload/dir_519d41d8cd98f00/files/Hasil-riskesdas-2018_1274.pdf
Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Manado. Jumlah Kasus 10 Jenis Penyakit Terbanyak di Kota Manado 2020 [Internet]. 2021. Available from: https://manadokota.bps.go.id/indicator/30/139/1/jumlah-kasus-10-jenis-penyakit-terbanyak-di-kota-manado.html
Ivanova EA, Myasoedova VA, Melnichenko AA, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Small dense low-density lipoprotein as biomarker for atherosclerotic diseases. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;25:1-10. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1273042
Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham KM, Kennelly PJ, Weil AP. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry (30th ed). 2015. p. 211-76.
Hidayatullah MN, Gayatri SW, Pramono SD, Hidayati PH, Syamsu RF. Hubungan antara dislipidemia dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar. Fakumi Med J [Internet]. 2022;2(5):359–67. Doi: https://doi.org/10.33096/fmj.v2i9.122
Feryadi R, Sulastri D, Kadri H. Hubungan kadar profil lipid dengan kejadian hipertensi pada masyarakat etnik Minangkabau di Kota Padang tahun 2012. J Kesehat Andalas [Internet]. 2014;3(2):206–11. Doi: https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v3i2.89
Kusumawaty J, Hidayat N, Ginanjar E. Hubungan jenis kelamin dengan intensitas hipertensi pada lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lakbok Kabupaten Ciamis. J Mutiara Med. 2016;16(2):46–51. Doi: https://doi.org/10.18196/mmjkk.v16i2.4450
Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay S, Barik A. Sex differences in the risk profile of hypertension: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(7):1–8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010085
Ahmad A, Oparil S. Hypertension in women: recent advances and lingering questions. Hypertension. 2017;70(1):19–26. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.08317
Purwanto DS, Mewo YM, Jim EL, Laloan RJ, Engka JNA, Kepel BJ. The analysis of electrolyte levels on hypertensive patients in Noongan Regional General Hospital, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sci J Clin Med. 2019;8(5):54. Doi: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20190805.12
Acheampong K, Nyamari JM, Ganu D, Appiah S, Pan X, Kaminga A, et al. Predictors of hypertension among adult female population in Kpone-Katamanso District, Ghana. Int J Hypertens. 2019:2019:18876060. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1876060
Sanhia AM, Pangemanan DHC, Engka JNA. Gambaran Kadar kolesterol low density lipoprotein (LDL) pada masyarakat perokok di pesisir pantai. eBiomedik. 2015;3(1):460–5. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.v3i1.7425
Batjo R, Assa Y, Tiho M. Gambaran kadar kolesterol low density lipoprotein darah pada mahasiswa angkatan 2011 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado dengan indeks massa tubuh 18,5-22,9 kg/m2. eBiomedik. 2013;1(2):843–8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.v1i2.5470
Purqoti DNS, Ningsih MU. Identifikasi derajat hipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kota Mataram. J Keperawatan Terpadu (Integrated Nurs Journal). 2019;1(2):31–8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.32807/jkt.v1i2.35
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Know Your Risk for High Blood Pressure [Internet]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/risk_factors.htm
Chen S, Cheng W. Relationship between lipid profiles and hypertension: a cross-sectional study of 62,957 Chinese adult males. Front Public Heal. 2022;10(May):1–11. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.895499
Purwanto DS, Mewo YM, Jim EL. Evaluation of lipid profile on hypertensive patients: an observational study from North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Cardiol Cardiovasc Res. 2022;6(1):39. Doi: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20220601.16
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Chindy F. Mongdong, Murniati Tiho, Diana S. Purwanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
