Hubungan Kadar Kalium dengan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i2.60871Abstract
Abstract: Potassium is an intracellular cation in the body that controls the function of nerve and muscle cells, especially heart muscle, maintains water balance in the body, and regulates blood pressure. Potassium also reduce tension in blood vessel walls, which in turn lowers blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between potassium level and blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross sectional design using medical records of 154 hypertensive patients at ODSK Regional Hospital, North Sulawesi Province from April 2022 – September 2023. The results showed that 55-64 years (31.2%) was the most dominant age group. There were more female patients (52.6%) than male patients (47.4%). The majority of patients suffered from hypertension grade 2 (60.4%), and had normal potassium level (55.8%). The Spearman correlation test showed a positive significant correlation between potassium evel and systolic blood pressure (p=0.035; r=0.170), but not with diastolic blood pressure (p=0.099). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between potassium level and systolic blood pressure, but not with diastolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Keywords: potassium level; hypertension; systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure
Abstrak: Kalium merupakan kation intrasel dalam tubuh yang mengontrol fungsi sel saraf dan otot, terutama otot jantung, menjaga keseimbangan air dalam tubuh, dan mengatur tekanan darah. Kalium juga membantu mengurangi ketegangan di dinding pembuluh darah, yang selanjutnya menurunkan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar kalium dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Data penelitian diambil dari rekam medis 154 pasien hipertensi di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara periode April tahun 2022–September 2023. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan kelompok usia 55–64 tahun (31,2%) yang terbanyak dibandingkan kategori usia lainnya. Pasien berjenis kelamin perempuan (52,6%) lebih banyak daripada laki-laki (47,4%). Majoritas pasien berada pada hipertensi derajat 2 (60,4%) dan memiliki kadar kalium normal (55,8%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif yang bermakna antara kadar kalium dengan TDS (p=0,035; r=0,170), namun tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar kalium dengan TDD (p=0,099). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar kalium dengan tekanan darah sistolik, namun tidak dengan tekanan darah diastolik. Pada pasien dengan hipertensi
Kata kunci: kadar kalium; hipertensi; tekanan darah sistolik; tekanan darah diastolik
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