Hubungan Kadar Natrium Darah dengan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i2.60872Abstract
Abstract: Hypertension has become a significant health problem globally, with serious consequences for cardiovascular diseases and high mortality rates. This disease ranks first in the number of cases of the most common types of diseases in Manado in 2020. Blood sodium level has become a focus of attention due to its role in blood pressure regulation. Excessive sodium can cause fluid retention and increased blood volume, affecting blood pressure. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between blood sodium level and blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This was an observational analytical study using a retrospective and cross-sectional approach. The data used were medical records of patients with hypertension at RSUD ODSK, North Sulawesi, with total sampling method. The results obtained 160 patients as samples, dominated by 55-64 years old (30.6%), female (53.1%), patients with normal sodium levels (60.6%), and hypertension grade 2 (60.6%). The Spearman correlation test analysis resulted in p-values of >0.05 for the correlation between sodium level and systolic blood pressure (p=0.121) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.425). In conclusion, there is no relationship between blood sodium level and blood pressure in patients with hypertension at RSUD ODSK, North Sulawesi Province.
Keywords: hypertension; blood sodium level; blood pressure
Abstrak: Hipertensi telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang signifikan secara global, dengan konsekuensi serius terhadap penyakit kardiovaskular dan tingkat kematian yang tinggi. Penyakit ini menduduki urutan pertama pada jumlah kasus jenis penyakit terbanyak di Kota Manado pada tahun 2020. Kadar natrium darah telah menjadi fokus perhatian karena perannya dalam meregulasi tekanan darah. Natrium berlebihan dapat menyebabkan retensi cairan dan peningkatan volume darah, yang memengaruhi tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kadar natrium darah dengan tekanan darah pada pasien dengan hipertensi di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif dan desain potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien hipertensi di RSUD ODSK dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jumlah sampel penelitian sebesar 160 pasien, yang didominasi oleh kelompok usia 55−64 tahun (30,6%), jenis kelamin perempuan (53,1%), pasien dengan kadar natrium darah normal (60,6%), dan hipertensi grade 2 (60,6%). Hasil analisis uji korelasi Spearman mendapatkan nilai p>0,05 untuk hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah sistolik (p=0,121) dan diastolik (p=0,425). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar natrium darah dengan tekanan darah pada pasien dengan hipertensi di RSUD ODSK Provinsi Sulawesi Utara.
Kata kunci: hipertensi; kadar natrium darah; tekanan darah
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