Gambaran Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien Anak dengan Gastroenteritis Akut di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Swasta Tipe C di Minahasa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i3.62643Abstract
Abstract: Gastroenteritis is defined as inflammation of the gastric mucosa and small intestine characterized by diarrhea with a frequency of three or more times within 24 hours. This disease is more common in children. The main goal of gastroenteritis therapy is to prevent dehydration. Active treatment with probiotics and antidiarrheal agents is suggested as an adjunct. This study aimed to determine the description of drugs used in pediatric inpatients with acute gastroenteritis at a Type C private hospital in Minahasa for the period July 2023-June 2024. This was a descriptive and retrospective study using secondary data in the form of medical records. The results obtained 32 pediatric patients as samples, predominantly male (56.25%), age 1-<5 years (100%), male body weight 2.5-11.7 kg (18.75%), and female body weight 9-14.8 kg (15.62%). The most common drug groups used were rehydration therapy with oral rehydration solution/ORS (93.75%) with a dose of 4.1 g/200 ml, followed by paracetamol (84.37%) with a dose of 5 ml, zinc sulfate monohydrate (68.75%) with a dose of 5 ml, and finally antibiotics with cefixime (62.5%) with a dose of 40 mg. In conclusion, the most common use of drugs is rehydration therapy with ORS, followed by paracetamol, zinc sulfate monohydrate, and finally antibiotics with cefixime.
Keywords: acute gastroenteritis; pediatric patients; medication used
Abstrak: Gastroenteritis didefinisikan sebagai peradangan pada mukosa lambung dan usus halus yang ditandai dengan diare frekuensi tiga kali atau lebih dalam waktu 24 jam. Penyakit ini lebih sering terjadi pada anak. Tujuan utama terapi GEA yaitu mencegah dehidrasi. Pengobatan aktif dengan probiotik dan agen antidiare disarankan sebagai tambahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan obat pada pasien anak dengan GEA di instalasi rawat inap salah satu rumah sakit swasta Tipe C di Minahasa periode Juli 2023-Juni 2024. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder berupa catatan rekam medis. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 32 pasien anak sebagai sampel yang didominasi jenis kelamin laki-laki (56,25%), usia 1-< 5 tahun (100%), berat badan laki-laki 2,5-11,7 kg (18,75%), dan berat badan perempuan 9-14,8 kg (15,62%). Golongan obat yang paling banyak yaitu terapi rehidrasi dengan jenis oralit (93,75%) dan dosis 4,1 gr/200 ml, diikuti parasetamol (84,37%) dosis 5 ml, zinc sulfate monohydrate (68,75%) dosis 5 ml, dan terakhir antibiotik jenis cefixime (62,5%) dosis 40 mg. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penggunaan obat yang paling banyak yaitu terapi rehidrasi dengan jenis oralit, diikuti oleh parasetamol, zinc sulfate monohydrate, dan yang terakhir antibiotik jenis cefixime.
Kata kunci: gastroenteritis akut; pasien anak; penggunaan obat
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