Faktor Risiko Diare Akut pada Bayi Usia 0-12 Bulan di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v14i1.63138Keywords:
diare akut; berat badan lahir rendah; usia ibu saat melahirkan; status gizi; riwayat ASI; penggunaan antibiotik sebelumnyaAbstract
Abstract: Acute diarrhea is a condition of defecation with stool consistency decreasing from loose to liquid three or more times a day, without mucus and blood, with a duration of less than seven days and not more than 14 days. Risk factors for acute diarrhea include low birth weight (LBW), maternal age at delivery, nutritional status, breastfeeding history, and previous antibiotic use. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the occurrence of acute diarrhea in infants at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This was an observational and analytic study with a cross sectional design. Data were obtained using the medical record data. Total sampling was used for acute diarrhea cases and exclusive sampling for acute diarrhea controls. Data were analyzed with chi-square test and binary logistic regression test with computerized assistance. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between previous antibiotic use and the incidence of acute diarrhea (p=0.034), meanwhile there was no significant relationship between LBW (p=0.440), maternal age at delivery (p=0.801), nutritional status (p=0.799), and breastfeeding history (p=0.404) to the incidence of acute diarrhea. In conclusion, previous antibiotic use can increase the risk of acute diarrhea in infants aged 0-12 months at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital.
Keywords: acute diarrhea; low birth weight; maternal age at delivery; nutritional status; breastfeeding history; previous antibiotic use
Abstrak: Diare akut adalah kondisi buang air besar dengan konsistensi tinja menurun dari melembek sampai menjadi cair sebanyak tiga kali atau lebih dalam sehari, tanpa disertai lendir dan darah, dengan durasi kurang dari 7 hari dan tidak lebih dari 14 hari. Faktor risiko dari diare akut termasuk berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), usia ibu saat melahirkan, status gizi, riwayat pemberian air susu ibu (ASI), dan penggunaan antibiotik sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya diare akut pada bayi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh melalui data rekam medis dengan penentuan sampel total sampling untuk kasus diare akut dan exclusive sampling untuk kontrol diare akut, dan kemudian dianalisis dengan uji statistik chi-square dan uji regresi logistik biner. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan antibiotik sebelumnya dengan kejadian diare akut (p=0,034), dan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara BBLR (p=0,440), usia ibu saat melahirkan (p=0,801), status gizi (p=0,799), dan riwayat pemberian ASI (p=0,404) terhadap kejadian diare akut. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penggunaan antibiotik sebelumnya dapat meningkatkan risiko kejadian diare akut pada bayi usia 0-12 bulan di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou.
Kata kunci: diare akut; berat badan lahir rendah; usia ibu saat melahirkan; status gizi; riwayat ASI; penggunaan antibiotik sebelumnya
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