PROFIL VARISELA DI POLIKLINIK KULIT DAN KELAMIN RSUP PROF. DR. R.D KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2012
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v3i1.6760Abstract
Abstract: Varicella or we also known as chicken pox is a primary acute infection disease by Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), that infected skin and mucosa, and clinical symptoms of polymorph skin disorder located in the central of the body. There are no differences between sex and race. Varicella often infected younger people in temperate climates. In tropic and sub-tropic climates, they often infected older people. The virus is transmitted by droplet infection from the nasopharynx. The infection happens 2 days before and 3-7 days after the onset of the rash. Vesicle fluid contains a large amount of virus, but completely dry scabs are not infectious. Varicella confers lasting immunity and second attacks are uncommon. The purpose of this study to evaluate patients profile of varicella in the dermatovenereology clinic of Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in January 2012 - December 2012. This retrospective descriptive study is based on the number of cases, age, sex, season, source of infection, and therapy. The results of this study showed that out of the 27 varicella cases (2.68%), the most frequent age group is 15-24 years old (33.3%), female as the most infected gender (59.3%), the often season is summer (55.6%), source of infection unknown (92,6%), and the most used therapy is combination therapy of antivirus and topical antibiotic or systemic antibiotic (55.6%).
Keywords: varicella, chicken pox, varicella zoster virus.
Abstrak : Varisela atau yang biasa kita kenal dengan cacar air atau chicken pox adalah penyakit infeksi akut primer oleh Virus Varisela-Zoster (VVZ) yang menyerang kulit dan mukosa, klinis terdapat gejala konstitusi, disertai kelainan kulit polimorf, terutama berlokasi di bagian sentral tubuh. Tidak terdapat perbedaan jenis kelamin maupun ras. Varisela lebih sering menyerang usia muda pada daerah beriklim sedang. Sedangkan pada daerah beriklim tropis dan sub tropis umumnya menyerang usia yang lebih tua. Penularan virus secara kontak langsung atau droplet melalui nasofaring. Penularan terjadi 2 hari sebelum dan 3-7 hari sesudah lesi kulit muncul. Vesikel yang berisi cairan mengandung banyak virus, sedangkan pada lesi yang mengering tidak menular. Orang yang pernah menderita varisela telah terbentuk kekebalan sehingga jarang terjadi serangan kedua. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil varisela di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. DR. R.D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2012. . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif berdasarkan jumlah kasus, umur, jenis kelamin, musim kejadian, sumber penularan, dan terapi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 27 kasus varisela (2,68%), terbanyak adalah kelompok umur 15-24 tahun (33,3%), jenis kelamin perempuan (59,3%), musim kejadian tersering adalah musim panas (55,6%), sumber penularan tidak diketahui (92,6%), dan terapi yang banyak digunakan adalah terapi kombinasi antivirus dan antibiotik topikal atau antibiotik sistemik (55,6%).
Kata kunci : varisela, cacar air, chicken pox, virus varisela zoster.
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