PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU TENAGA PENOLONG PERSALINAN DI PUSKESMAS KOTA MANADO TERHADAP PROFILAKSIS VITAMIN K
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v3i2.8146Abstract
Abstract: In Indonesia, the infant mortality rate (IMR) is 41.4 per 1.000 live births. It is projected that the rate will be 18 per 1.000 live births in 2025. One of the efforts to decrease the IMR is prevention of the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in newborns. This hemorrhage is caused by coagulation disorders due to a deficiency of vitamin K. Vitamin K injection is essential for newborns to prevent this hemorrhage. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design that was conducted by using questionnaires. Respondents were taken from 15 community health centers in Manado. The results showed that of the 102 birth aattendants: 60.8% had good knowledge; 69.6% thought that vitamin K prophylaxis should be administered to all newborn babies; 57.8% agreed that this prophylaxis should be administered after birth; 64.7% thought that vitamin K prophylaxis could prevent cerebral hemorrhage of the newborns; 78.4% agreed that vitamin K was available at the community health centers; 56.9% knew that vitamin K prophylaxis did not cause any harmful side effects; 87.3% gave vitamin K prophylaxis to the newborns; 85.3% administered vitamin K to the newbornss immediately after birth; and 89.2% provided community health centers with vitamin K. Conclusion: In this study, most of the birth attendants had good knowledge, administered vitamin K prophylaxis to the newborns, and provided the health community centers with vitamin K.
Keywords: cerebral hemorrhage, vitamin K prophylaxis, birth attendants
Abstrak: Indonesia sebagai negara sedang berkembang mempunyai angka kematian bayi (AKB) 41,4 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup yang diproyeksikan menjadi 18 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup pada tahun 2025. Salah satu upaya menurukan AKB ialah dengan mencegah terjadinya perdarahan otak pada bayi baru lahir. Perdarahan ini diakibatkan gangguan proses koagulasi oleh kekurangan vitamin K. Pemberian injeksi vitamin K sangat penting pada bayi baru lahir untuk mencegah perdarahan otak tersebut. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang dan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan pada tenaga penolong persalinan di 15 puskesmas Kota Manado. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dari 102 tenaga penolong : 60,8% mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan tergolong baik; 69,6% berpendapat bahwa profilaksis vitamin K harus diberikan pada semua bayi baru lahir; 57,8% setuju profilaksis vitamin K bermanfaat untuk mencegah perdarahan bayi baru lahir; 78,4% setuju ketersediaan vitamin K di Puskesmas/Pondok bersalin; 56,9% berpendapat bahwa tidak ada efek samping berbahaya untuk profilaksis vitamin K; 87,3% tenaga kesehatan memberikan profilaksis vitamin K; 85,3% tenaga kesehatan memberikan vitamin K segera setelah lahir; dan 89,2% tenaga kesehatan menyediakan vitamin K di puskesmas/pondok bersalin. Simpulan: Sebagian besar tenaga penolong persalinan pada 15 puskesmas di kota Manado mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan tergolong baik, memberikan profilaksis vitamin K, dan menyediakan vitamin K di puskesmas atau pondok bersalin.
Kata kunci: perdarahan serebral, profilaksis vitamin K, tenaga penolong persalinan
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