About the Journal

Publication Decisions. Editors are responsible for determining which submitted manuscripts should be published. Decisions should be based on the validity, originality, significance, relevance, and quality of the scholarly work.

Fair Play. Editors evaluate manuscripts based on their intellectual and scientific content without discrimination based on personal, institutional, cultural, religious, political, or other irrelevant characteristics of the authors.

Confidentiality. Editors and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and must not disclose information about a manuscript except to appropriate persons involved in the editorial and peer-review process.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest. Editors must not use unpublished information contained in submitted manuscripts for their own research or personal benefit without explicit permission from the authors.

Contribution to Editorial Decisions. Peer review assists Editors in making editorial decisions and can also help authors improve the scientific quality of their manuscripts.

Promptness. A reviewer who is unable to conduct a qualified or timely review should notify the Editors and decline the review assignment.

Confidentiality. Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents and should not be shared or discussed with unauthorized parties.

Standards of Objectivity. Reviews should be conducted objectively and professionally. Reviewers should provide clear, constructive, and evidence-based comments.

Acknowledgment of Sources. Reviewers should identify relevant published research that has not been appropriately cited and alert Editors to substantial similarities with other published works.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest. Reviewers should not evaluate manuscripts where significant conflicts of interest could compromise the independence or objectivity of the review.

Reporting Standards. Authors should provide an accurate account of the research conducted and an objective discussion of its scientific significance.

Data Access and Retention. Authors should retain research data and, when appropriate, be prepared to provide supporting data for editorial or scientific verification.

Originality and Plagiarism. Authors must ensure that submitted work is original and that all sources and previously published materials are appropriately cited or quoted.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication. Authors should not submit substantially the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal.

Acknowledgment of Sources. Authors should properly acknowledge and cite publications that have significantly influenced the reported research.

Authorship. Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made significant scholarly contributions to the conception, design, execution, analysis, or interpretation of the research.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest. Authors should disclose financial, professional, or other relevant conflicts of interest that may influence the interpretation of the research.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works. When authors discover significant errors in their published work, they should promptly notify the Editors and cooperate in correcting or retracting the publication when necessary.