Hubungan Kadar Alpha Fetoprotein dengan Derajat Keparahan Karsinoma Hepatoseluler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v7i1.54829Abstract
Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and ranks third as the highest cause of cancer-related mortality. Hepatitis B virus infection is a risk factor found in 50% of subjects, while the remaining 50% have non-hepatitis B and non-hepatitis C etiologies. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) are the most widely used biological marker and disease staging system. This study aimed to determine the relationship between AFP levels and BCLC stages in HCC patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. This was a retrospective and analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using patient medical records as samples. The results showed a total of 56 HCC patients, consisting of 43 males and 13 females, obtained using consecutive sampling techniques. Each variable was categorized into two groups: ≤200 ng/ml and >200 ng/ml for AFP; and operable (BCLC 0/A) and non-operable (BCLC B/C/D) for BCLC staging. There were two patients (3.6%) in the operable category and 54 patients (96.4%) in the non-operable category. Fisher's exact test results showed no significant relationship between AFP levels and disease severity in HCC patients (p=0.228). In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between alpha-fetoprotein levels and disease severity in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
Keywords: alpha-fetoprotein levels; hepatocellular carcinoma; BCLC staging
Abstrak: Karsinoma hepatoseluler (KHS) merupakan tumor primer pada hati yang paling umum terjadi dan menyandang peringkat ke-3 sebagai penyumbang angka kematian tertinggi yang disebabkan oleh kanker. Infeksi virus hepatitis B merupakan faktor risiko yang ditemukan pada 50% subjek dan sisanya (50%) memiliki etiologi non hepatitis B dan non hepatitis C. Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) dan Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) merupakan penanda biologis dan sistem pemeringkatan derajat penyakit yang paling banyak digunakan saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar AFP dengan derajat BCLC pada subjek KHS di RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan retrospektif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang yang menggunakan rekam medis pasien sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 56 pasien KHS terdiri dari 43 laki-laki dan 13 perempuan dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Masing-masing variabel dikategorikan menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu ≤200 ng/ml dan >200 ng/ml untuk AFP, serta operable (BCLC 0/A) dan non-operable (BCLC B/C/D) untuk staging BCLC. Terdapat dua subjek (3,6%) untuk kategori operable dan 54 subjek (96,4%) untuk kategori non-operable. Hasil uji Fisher’s exact menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar AFP dengan derajat keparahan penyakit pada pasien KHS (p=0,228). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar alpha fetoprotein dengan derajat keparahan penyakit pada pasien karsinoma hepatoseluler.
Kata kunci: kadar alpha-fetoprotein; karsinoma hepatoseluler; BCLC staging
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