UJI FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TIGA (Allophylus cobbe L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.5.2016.11258Abstract
UJI FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TIGA (Allophylus cobbe L.)
Jelly Juliana Najoan1), Max John R. Runtuwene1), Defny S. Wewengkang1)
1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA Unsrat
ABSTRACT
This study aims to identify the active componends, determine the secondary metabolites content and to determine antioxidant activity of the three leaves (Allophylus cobbe L.) ethanol extract. Extraction was done by maceration and soxhletasi with ethanol solvent by 60% and 80%. Phytochemical tests included the identification of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids and saponin. The determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content and the antioxidant activity was tested by the  method of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil). The results showed that the three leaves extract contains phenolic compound, falvonoids, steroids and saponins. The highest phenolic content total was found in soxhletasi 80% 49.90 µg/mL, followed by 43.65, 37.84, 33.77 (µg/mL) to extract soxhletasi, 60%, maceration 80 and 60%. Flavonoids total was found in maceration 80% 11.58 µg/mL, followed by 9.40,  7.77,  6.18 (µg/mL) to ectract soxhletasi 80% , maceration 60% and soxhletasi 60%. Based on the IC50 total calculation, the maceration 80% 255.77 µg/mL extract has the highest antioksidant activity and followed by 256.76, 297.54, 310.58 (µg/mL) to extract soxhletasi 80%, soxhletasi 60% and maceration 60%.
Key words: total phenolics and flavonoids, antioxidants, Allophylus cobbe L.
ABSTRAK
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Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasikan senyawa aktif, menentukan kandungan metabolit sekunder serta mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol daun tiga (Allophylus cobbe L.). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan soxhletasi dengan pelarut etanol 60% dan 80%. Pengujian fitokimia meliputi identifikasi alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, steroid/triterpenoid dan saponin, penentuan total kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid serta pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun tiga mengandung senyawa fenolik, falvonoid, steroid dan saponin. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat daun tiga memiliki kandungan total fenolik yang paling tinggi sebesar 49.90 µg/mL, diikuti 43.65, 37.84, 33.77 (µg/mL) untuk ekstrak soxhletasi 80%, 60%, maserasi 80 dan 60%. Untuk kandungan total flavonoid yang paling tinggi sebesar 11.58 µg/mL, diikuti 9.40, 7.77, 6.18 (µg/mL) untuk ekstrak maserasi 80%, soxhletasi 80% , maserasi 60% dan soxhletasi 60%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan IC50 ekstrak maserasi 80% memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi 255.77 µg/mL, diikuti 256.76, 297.54, 310.58 (µg/mL) untuk ekstrak soxhletasi 80%, soxhletasi 60% dan maserasi 60%.
Kata kunci : total fenolik dan flavonoid, antioksidan, Allophylus cobbe L.
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