PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN OBAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ) DAN REORDER POINT (ROP) DI APOTEK X KECAMATAN WENANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35799/pha.10.2021.35591Abstract
ABSTRACT
Inventory was an important element in the operations of pharmacy. Lack of inventory will result in unfulfilled services for patients. Meanwhile, too large an inventory will increase investment funds and increase risks such as loss, expiration and damage to drugs. Therefore necessary inventory control. The research aims to determined the optimum quantity of drug orders and time to reorder drugs using the calculation of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Reorder Point (ROP) in pharmacy. The type of research was descriptive with method quantitative. Collecting data through drug documents and interviews. The data that has been collected was carried out by calculating ABC then calculating the EOQ and ROP for drug group A based on ABC calculations. The result of ABC analysis, there were 24 drugs in group A with an investment value of 70,46%, group B with 28 types of drugs with an investment value of 19,9%, and group C with 69 types of drugs with an investment value of 9,64%. The result of EOQ and ROP calculations for group A drugs varied between 18-884 units (EOQ) and 13-383 units (ROP). The EOQ value was the optimum ordering amount for the drug and the ROP value was the point where reordering must be made.
Keywords: Inventory Control of Drug, Pharmacy, Economic Order Quantity, Reorder Point.
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ABSTRAK
Persediaan merupakan elemen yang penting dalam operasional apotek. Persediaan yang kurang akan mengakibatkan pelayanan terhadap pasien/konsumen tidak terpenuhi. Sedangkan persediaan yang terlalu besar akan meningkatkan dana investasi dan meningkatnya risiko seperti kehilangan, kedaluwarsa dan kerusakan obat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengendalian persediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah pemesanan optimum dan waktu pemesanan kembali obat kelompok A menggunakan perhitungan Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) dan Reorder Point (ROP) di apotek. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui dokumen obat dan wawancara. Data yang telah terkumpul dilakukan perhitungan ABC kemudian dilakukan perhitungan EOQ dan ROP pada kelompok obat A berdasarkan perhitungan ABC. Hasil analisis ABC diperoleh obat kelompok A sebanyak 24 jenis obat dengan nilai investasi 70,46%, kelompok B 28 obat dengan nilai investasi 19,9% dan kelompok C 69 obat dengan nilai investasi 9,64%. Hasil perhitungan EOQ dan ROP obat kelompok A yaitu bervariasi antara 18-884 unit (EOQ), dan 13-383 unit (ROP). Nilai EOQ tersebut merupakan jumlah pemesanan yang optimum pada obat dan nilai ROP merupakan titik harus dilakukan pemesanan kembali.
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Kata kunci: Pengendalian Persediaan Obat, Apotek, Economic Order Quantity, Reorder Point.
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