NILAI EKONOMI SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DI SULAWESI UTARA (Studi Kasus Ikan Cakalang, Katsuwonus pelamis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.1.2.2013.1248Abstract
NILAI EKONOMI SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DI SULAWESI UTARA
(Studi Kasus Ikan Cakalang, Katsuwonus pelamis)1
Economic Value of Fisheries Resources in North Sulawesi
(Case Study of Skipjack Tuna, Katsuwonus Pelamis)
Keren W Lumi2, Eddy Mantjoro3, Max Wagiu3
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ABSTRACT
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Skipjack tuna or by local term called ikan Cakalang were recognized as a mayor fish resource landed in several producing area of North Sulawesi Province. This fish species have a great contributions to the local and regional economy as it were used as raw material for various fish processing industry such as frozen fish, simple smoked fish, katsuobushi, and skipjack canning plants. Skipjack fish has several trade name depend on the market area. In North Sulawesi market area is called cakalang while skipjack tuna known as the International trade name. Economic values of skipjack tuna can be trace back through micro and macro economics as well as from fisheries resources economics point of view. Based on this frame of mind than the present study is focus on the analysis of economic values of skipjack in term of its contribution on the local economy activities such as work absorbtion, fishing industry, fish processing industry, auxiliary industry and marketing institutions created to handle this fish resources. The research performed during the period of April up to September 2012. Bitung city was selected as the area of research based on the facts that this location have long been the mayor skipjack tuna fishing base as well as the center of fish processing industries which using skipjack tuna as their raw material. The result of study indicated that skipjack fish resources have a great economic value in term of creating investments in various aspects of economy in North Sulawesi province particularly its contribution in the economy of Bitung city administration area.
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Keywords : Fisheries resources economics, skipjack tuna, economic value
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ABSTRAK
Skipjack tuna atau yang disebut ikan cakalang dikenal sebagai sumberdaya ikan terbanyak didaratkan pada beberapa daerah produksi di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Spesies ikan ini memberikan kontribusi besar sekali baik bagi perekono-mian skala lokal maupun karena berfungsi sebagai bahan baku bagi berbagai industri pengolahan seperti ikan cakalang asap, Ikan kayu (katsuobushi), dan pabrik pengolahan ikan kaleng. Spesies skipjack memiliki sejumlah nama dagang tergantung daerah pemasaran. Di pasaran wilayah Sulawesi Utara di kenal dengan nama dagang ikan Cakalang sedangkan istilah skipjack tuna di pakai sebagai nama dagang internasional. Nilai ekonomi Ikan Cakalang dapat ditelusuri melalui sudut pandang ekonomi mikro dan makro serta ilmu ekonomi sumberdaya perikanan. Bertolak dari kerangka berpikir tersebut  maka  penelitian
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1 Bagian dari skripsi
2 Mahasiswa Program Studi Agrobisnis Perikanan FPIK-UNSRAT
3 Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi
kali ini diarahkan pada upaya analisis nilai ekonomi sumberdaya ikan Cakalang dalam bentuk seberapa besar kontribusinya terhadap kegiatan perekonomian lokal seperti penyerapan tenaga kerja, dorongan investasi di sektor penang-kapan, pengolahan, industri penunjang dan terbentuknya lembaga pemasaran yang menangani sumberdaya ikan ini. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada selang waktu antara bulan Mei hingga September 2012. Kota Bitung telah dipilih seba-gai lokasi penelitian berdasarkan fakta bahwa daerah ini telah lama menjadi basis armada penangkapan ikan cakalang dan juga sebagai pusat industri pengolahan yang memanfaatkan ikan cakalang sebagai bahan baku utamanya. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa sumberdaya ikan cakalang memang telah memberikan kontribusi ekonomi sangat besar dalam bentuk mendorong investasi pada berbagai aspek ekonomi di Sulawesi Utara terutama kontribusi terhadap perekonomian wilayah administrasi Kota Bitung
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Kata kunci : ekonomi sumberdaya perikanan, ikan cakalang, nilai ekonomi
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