Variations of Marine Debris In Manado Bay and its environs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i2.40841Keywords:
Composition, Density, Macro and Meso-Marine debris, Manado Bay, Color of debrisAbstract
Nowadays, Indonesia is facing an increasing crisis of debris pollution. Through rivers, city drainage, marine activities, and tourists, garbage can enter the sea. The existence of this debris is a new threat that has a terrible impact on the marine ecosystem and the socio-economic sustainability of the community. Based on this, the Government of Indonesia has issued a regulation in Presidential Regulation no. 83 of 2018 concerning Marine Debris Management. One of the achievement points is the compilation of baseline data and publication of marine debris in all coastal areas of Indonesia every year. This study aimed to identify the types of marine debris found in macro and meso sizes and to analyze the composition and density of marine debris on the coast of Manado Bay and its environs during ebb and flood tide. Sampling was carried out on five beaches in Manado Bay and its environs using the Marine Debris Monitoring Guidelines by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) 2020. Based on the data collection, it was found that nine types of marine waste materials and types of plastic waste were the most dominant types of waste found (about 70-86%). Of the five research sites, Sindulang Beach is the location with the highest solid waste density of 8.28 items/m2 (during flood tide) and 15.31 items/m2 (during ebb tide). Overall, the amount of marine debris found during ebb tide conditions was more than during flood tide conditions, and the amount of macro-sized trash was more than meso-size. White and transparent colors were the dominant color.
Keywords: Composition; Density; Macro and Meso-Marine debris; Manado Bay; Color of debris
Abstrak
Saat ini Indonesia sedang menghadapi krisis pencemaran sampah yang kian meningkat Sampah dapat masuk ke laut melalui aliran sungai, drainase kota, aktivitas laut maupun dari para wisatawan Keberadaan sampah tersebut menjadi ancaman baru yang sangat berdampak buruk terhadap ekosistem laut dan keberlangsungan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengeluarkan suatu regulasi dalam Peraturan Presiden No. 83 Tahun 2018 tentang Penanganan Sampah Laut. Salah satu poin capaiannya yaitu tersusunnya baseline data dan publikasi sampah laut di seluruh wilayah pesisir Indonesia setiap tahunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi jenis sampah laut ukuran makro dan ukuran meso yang ditemukan dan menganalisis komposisi serta kepadatan sampah laut di pesisir Teluk Manado dan sekitarnya saat kondisi pasang dan surut. Pengambilang sampel dilakukan pada 5 pantai di Teluk Manado dan Sekitarnya dengan menggunakan Pedoman Pemantauan Sampah Laut oleh Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) Tahun 2020. Berdasarkan hasil pendataan, didapatkan 9 jenis bahan sampah laut dan jenis sampah plastik merupakan jenis sampah yang paling dominan ditemukan (sekitar 70-86%). Dari kelima lokasi penelitian, Pantai Sindulang merupakan lokasi dengan kepadatan sampah tertinggi yaitu sebesar 8,28 item/m2 (saat kondisi pasang) dan 15,31 item/m2 (saat kondisi surut). Secara keseluruhan, jumlah sampah laut yang ditemukan saat kondisi surut lebih banyak dibanding saat kondisi pasang dan jumlah sampah ukuran makro lebih banyak dibandingkan sampah ukuran meso. Warna putih dan bening merupakan warna sampah yang dominan.
Kata kunci: Kepadatan; Komposisi; Sampah laut makro dan meso; Teluk Manado; Warna sampah.
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