Community Structure of Mollusks in the Coastal Area of Eduwisata Bahari Bitung City North Sulawesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v14i1.68030Keywords:
Bivalvia, , Community Structure, dominance, gastropoda, diversity, Eduwisata BahariAbstract
This study aimed to analyze the composition, abundance, diversity, and distribution patterns of mollusk communities, as well as to describe their morphological characteristics for taxonomic validation. Sampling was conducted in June 2025 using a combination of line transect and 1x1 m quadrat methods at three observation sites during the lowest tide. Taxonomic identification was carried out based on morphological characteristics including shell shape, size, pattern, color, spire structure, aperture, and ornamentation, referring to standard taxonomic literature and updated databases. A total of 83 individuals were recorded, belonging to 12 families, consisting of nine families of Gastropoda and three families of Bivalvia. The family Myidae showed the highest abundance, while Strombidae had the lowest. The overall Shannon-Wiener diversity index was H' = 2.20 (moderate diversity), and the Simpson dominance index was C = 0.14 (low dominance). Spatially, Site I exhibited the highest diversity, whereas Site III had the lowest diversity and relatively higher dominance compared to other sites. These variations were presumably associated with substrate heterogeneity, microhabitat complexity, wave exposure, and local anthropogenic pressure. The findings indicate that the Eduwisata Bahari coast supports a relatively balanced mollusk community. These data serve as baseline ecological information for marine edu-tourism management, coastal conservation, and benthic-based ecological monitoring.
Keywords: Bivalvia; community structure; dominance; gastropoda; diversity; Eduwisata Bahari.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, dan pola distribusi komunitas moluska, serta mendeskripsikan karakter morfologi untuk validasi taksonomi di kawasan pesisir Eduwisata Bahari. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2025 menggunakan kombinasi metode transek garis dan kuadrat ukuran 1x1 m di tiga lokasi pengamatan pada saat surut terendah. Identifikasi taksonomi dilakukan berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi cangkang meliputi bentuk, ukuran, pola, warna, struktur spira, apertur, dan ornamen, dengan mengacu pada pustaka taksonomi standar dan basis data terkini. Hasil penelitian mencatat sebanyak 83 individu moluska yang tergolong ke dalam 12 famili, terdiri atas 9 famili Gastropoda dan 3 famili Bivalvia. Famili Myidae memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi, sedangkan Strombidae tercatat sebagai famili dengan jumlah individu terendah. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener secara keseluruhan adalah H' = 2,20 (kategori sedang), sedangkan indeks dominansi Simpson C = 0,14 (kategori rendah). Secara spasial, Lokasi I memiliki nilai keanekaragaman tertinggi, sedangkan Lokasi III menunjukkan keanekaragaman terendah dan dominansi relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan lokasi lainnya. Perbedaan ini diduga berkaitan dengan heterogenitas substrat, variasi mikrohabitat, paparan gelombang, dan tekanan aktivitas antropogenik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kawasan pesisir Eduwisata Bahari masih mendukung komunitas moluska yang relatif seimbang. Data ini menjadi informasi dasar yang penting untuk pengelolaan eduwisata bahari, konservasi pesisir, dan pemantauan ekologi berbasis organisme bentik.
Kata kunci: bivalvia; dominansi; gastropoda; keanekaragaman; struktur komunitas; eduwisata bahari.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rose O. S. E Mantiri, Reny Sirenden, Jendra Rompis, Teddy F. Paulus, Grevo S. Gerung, Deiske A. Sumilat
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