ANALISIS SENTRALITAS JARINGAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PUSAT PELAYANAN PERKOTAAN DI KOTA MANADO

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Hierarki pusat pelayanan dalam Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kota Manado 2023-2042 belum mempertimbangkan konektivitas jaringan jalan aktual, sehingga memunculkan ketidaksesuaian spasial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis sistem pusat pelayanan perkotaan berdasarkan RTRW 2023-2042 dan merekomendasikan sistem pusat pelayanan baru berbasis jaringan. Metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis spasial Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Parameter Sentralitas Jaringan (Degree, Closeness, Betweenness) digunakan untuk menilai konektivitas jalan, dipadukan dengan Huff Gravity Model (Market Share) untuk memproyeksikan probabilitas jangkauan pelayanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi pelayanan eksisting belum seimbang. Berdasarkan nilai sentralitas rata-rata tertinggi, direkomendasikan penyesuaian hierarki spasial dengan menetapkan Kecamatan Wenang, Tuminting, dan Wanea sebagai Pusat Pelayanan Kota (PPK) yang baru, sehingga distribusi layanan publik terbukti menjadi lebih merata.

Kata Kunci: Pusat Pelayanan Perkotaan, Sentralitas Jaringan, Analisis Spasial, (SIG), Kota Manado

ABSTRACT

The hierarchy of service centers in the Manado City Spatial Plan (RTRW) 2023–2042 has not considered actual road network connectivity, leading to spatial discrepancies. This research aims to identify and analyze the urban service center system based on the 2023–2042 RTRW and recommend a new network-based service center system. A quantitative method using a Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis approach was utilized in this study. Network Centrality parameters (Degree, Closeness, Betweenness) were used to assess road connectivity, combined with the Huff Gravity Model (Market Share) to project service coverage probabilities. The results indicate that the existing service distribution is unbalanced, with the Wenang City Service Center (PPK) receiving the heaviest burden. Based on the highest average centrality values, an adjustment to the spatial hierarchy is recommended by designating the Wenang, Tuminting, and Wanea Districts as the new City Service Centers (PPK), thereby proving to make the distribution of public services more equitable.

Keywords: Urban Cervice Center, Network Centrality, Spatial Analysis, (GIS), Manado City.