PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN BERBASIS ASPEK KERENTANAN DAN KAPASITAS UNTUK MITIGASI RISIKO BANJIR DI MUARA SUNGAI BAILANG, KOTA MANADO

Abstract

Abstrak 
Kawasan muara Sungai Bailang, Kota Manado, memiliki risiko banjir tinggi akibat permukiman 
padat di sempadan sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat kerentanan, kapasitas 
kawasan, pemenuhan Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) prasarana, serta merumuskan konsep 
penataan permukiman berbasis mitigasi bencana. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan 
deskriptif kuantitatif-kualitatif berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan acuan PERKA 
BNPB No. 2 Tahun 2012, Sendai Framework (SFDRR), dan standar Kementerian PUPR. Hasil 
analisis menunjukkan variasi kerentanan spasial serta ketidaksesuaian SPM prasarana jalan, 
drainase, limbah, dan sampah yang memperparah dampak banjir. Penataan kawasan diarahkan 
melalui pendekatan Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) yang mengintegrasikan mitigasi 
struktural dan non-struktural berdasarkan tiga skala prioritas: Prioritas I (Lingkungan V), Prioritas 
II (Lingkungan I dan IV), serta Prioritas III (Lingkungan III). Rekomendasi utama meliputi 
perbaikan dimensi drainase, pembangunan tanggul sungai, penguatan sistem peringatan dini, dan 
peningkatan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat. 
Kata Kunci: Penataan Permukiman, Kerentanan, Kapasitas, Mitigasi Banjir, Kampung 
Improvement Program (KIP) 

Abstract 
The estuary area of the Bailang River, Manado City, faces high flood risks due to dense settlements 
along the riverbanks. This study aims to analyze vulnerability, capacity, and infrastructure 
Minimum Service Standards (SPM) compliance, and to formulate a settlement planning concept 
based on disaster mitigation. The research applies a descriptive quantitative-qualitative approach 
integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), referencing PERKA BNPB No. 2 of 2012, 
the Sendai Framework (SFDRR), and Ministry of PUPR standards. The results reveal spatial 
vulnerability variations and infrastructure SPM non-compliance (roads, drainage, wastewater, 
and solid waste) that worsen flood impacts. The spatial arrangement is directed through the 
Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) approach, integrating structural and non-structural 
mitigation across three priority scales: Priority I (Neighborhood V), Priority II (Neighborhoods I 
and IV), and Priority III (Neighborhood III). Key recommendations include reshaping drainage 
dimensions, constructing river dikes, strengthening early warning systems, and enhancing 
community preparedness. 
Keywords: Settlement Planning, Vulnerability, Capacity, Flood Mitigation, Kampung 
Improvement Program (KIP).