Risk Factors Related to Hypertension in Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v10i2.37708Abstract
Abstract: Hypertension is a serious health problem, not only because of its increasing incidence but also due to its morbidity and mortality. Although children often experience an increase in blood pressure, it is very difficult and even cannot be determined early. Therefore, the increase in blood pressure can persist into adulthood and results in hypertension and coronary heart disease. This is influenced by several risk factors that can support the occurrence of hypertension in children. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. This was a literature review study using two databases namely Pubmed and Google Scholar and the keywords were risk factor AND hypertension AND children. The results obtained that there was a relationship between hypertension with nutritional status (obesity), excessive salt consumption, poor physical activity, smoking behavior, poor sleep quality, family history of hypertension, and male sex. In conclusion, there are a variety of risk factors related to hypertension, and obesity is the dominant one.
Keywords: risk factor; hypertension; children
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Abstrak: Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius, bukan saja karena angka kejadian-nya yang meningkat melainkan karena morbiditas dan mortalitas yang diakibatkannya. Anak seringkali mengalami peningkatan tekanan darah akan tetapi sangat sulit bahkan tidak dapat ditentukan sejak dini sehingga peningkatan tekanan darah dapat menetap hingga dewasa dan mengakibatkan hipertensi dan penyakit jantung koroner. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko yang dapat mendukung terjadinya hipertensi pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Jenis penelitian ini ialah suatu literature review dengan menggunakan dua database yaitu Pubmed and Google Scholar dengan kata kunci risk factor AND hypertension AND children. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara hipertensi dengan status gizi lebih (obesitas), konsumsi garam berlebih, aktivitas fisik kurang, perilaku merokok, kualitas tidur buruk, riwayat hipertensi keluarga, dan jenis kelamin laki-laki. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat berbagai factor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi dengan obesitas sebagai faktor risiko yang dominan.
Kata kunci: faktor risiko; hipertensi; anakDownloads
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