Peran Nutrisi terhadap Kejadian Anemia Defisiensi Besi pada Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v11i1.44322Abstract
Abstract: Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency problem worldwide, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. The highest prevalence was found in late infancy and early childhood due to the growth process and nutritional factors. This study aimed to evaluate the role of nutrition in iron deficiency anemia in children aged less than five years. This was a literature review study. The results showed that children aged less than five years suffering from iron deficiency anemia were associated with several factors, as follows: not being given exclusive breastfeeding, giving cow milk compared to iron-fortified formula milk, not consuming heme source foods (meat, legumes, green-leafy vegetables), and the habit of consuming tea. In conclusion, nutritional factors play an important role in iron deficiency anemia in children.
Keywords: nutrition; iron deficiency anemia; children under five years of age
Abstrak: Anemia defisiensi besi menjadi masalah defisiensi nutrisi yang paling banyak dijumpai di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara-negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Prevalensi anemia defisiensi besi tertinggi didapatkan pada akhir masa bayi dan awal masa kanak-kanak oleh karena proses pertumbuhan dan juga faktor nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran nutrisi terhadap kejadian anemia defisiensi besi pada anak yang berusia kurang dari lima tahun. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa anak berusia kurang dari lima tahun dan menderita anemia defisiensi besi dihubungkan dengan faktor tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif, pemberian susu sapi dibandingkan susu formula yang diperkaya zat besi, tidak mengonsumsi makanan sumber heme (daging, kacang polong, sayuran yang berwarna hijau tua), dan kebiasaan mengonsumsi teh. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor nutrisi berperan penting dalam kejadian anemia defisiensi besi.
Kata kunci: nutrisi; anemia defisiensi besi; anak usia kurang dari lima tahun
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