Prevalensi dan Manifestasi Klinis Skabies pada Anak di Pemukiman Sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sumompo Kota Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v13i3.62330Abstract
Abstract: Scabies, an infectious skin disease caused by infestation of Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, is included in the neglected tropical disease category. It occurs more often in areas with poor sanitation condition and high population density. People living around Sumompo landfill has a risk of infection due to the close distance between residential areas and the final disposal site. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and clinical manifestations of scabies among children living around the Sumompo landfill, Manado, in 2024. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations if two of the four cardinal signs were found, namely pruritus nocturna, regarding the group, canalicular lesions typical for scabies found on the skin, and scabies mites found in the lesions. The results obtained that of a total of 54 respondents, 26 individuals (48%) showed two or more cardinal signs. Skin lesions were most often found between the fingers (76.9%). The majority of scabies sufferers were males (69.2%). In conclusion, the prevalence of scabies among children living around Sumompo landfill is relatively high, indicating the need for targeted public health interventions to improve sanitation and reduce disease transmission.
Keywords: scabies; Sarcoptes scabiei; prevalence; landfill
Abstrak: Skabies merupakan penyakit kulit menular yang disebabkan oleh infestasi tungau Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis yang termasuk dalam kategori penyakit tropis terabaikan. Penyakit ini lebih sering terjadi di daerah dengan kondisi sanitasi buruk serta kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Penduduk sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) Sumompo memiliki risiko infeksi akibat jarak yang dekat antara permukiman penduduk dan lokasi TPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan prevalensi skabies dan manifestasi klinis pada anak-anak yang tinggal di sekitar TPA Sumompo, Kota Manado tahun 2024. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Diagnosis berdasarkan manifestasi klinis bila ditemukan dua dari empat tanda kardinal yaitu pruritus nokturna, mengenai kelompok, ditemukan kanalikuli lesi khas skabies pada kulit, dan ditemukan tungau skabies pada lesi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan dari total 54 responden, sebanyak 26 individu (48%) menunjukkan dua atau lebih tanda kardinal skabies. Lokasi lesi kulit yang paling sering ditemukan ialah di sela jari tangan (76,9%). Mayoritas penderita skabies ialah laki-laki (69,2%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah prevalensi skabies di kalangan anak-anak yang tinggal di sekitar TPA Sumompo tergolong tinggi, yang menunjukkan perlunya intervensi kesehatan masyarakat yang terarah untuk meningkatkan sanitasi dan mengurangi penularan penyakit.
Kata kunci: skabies; Sarcoptes scabiei; prevalensi; tempat pembuangan akhir
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