Karakteristik Fisik dan Kimia Tempat Perindukan Larva Nyamuk Di Kecamatan Ratatotok Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v8i1.62198Keywords:
karakteristik fisik dan kimia; tempat perindukan; larva nyamuk; Culex sp.; Aedes sp.Abstract
Abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue fever, filariasis, and malaria, remain significant public health challenges in Indonesia. A key factor in their transmission is the presence of mosquito breeding sites. Physical characteristics, such as water temperature and depth, as well as chemical characteristics, including pH and salinity, greatly influence the survival of mosquito larvae. This study aimd to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of mosquito breeding sites at Ratatotok District. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, using water samples containing mosquito larvae that met the study's criteria from September to December 2024. The results obtained nine breeding sites with two mosquito genera observed: Culex sp. and Aedes sp. The physical characteristics of the breeding sites showed depths ranging from 13 cm to 36 cm and temperatures between 30°C and 34.3°C. Chemical characteristics included pH values ranging from 7.47 to 8.12 and salinity levels between 0% and 0.88%. In conclusion, the aquatic environments at Ratatotok District provide suitable habitats to support the development of mosquito larvae.
Keywords: physical and chemical characteristics; breeding sites; mosquito larvae; Culex sp.; Aedes sp.
Abstrak: Penyakit yang ditularkan melalui nyamuk, seperti demam berdarah dengue, filariasis, dan malaria, masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor kunci penyebarannya ialah tempat perindukan larva nyamuk. Karakteristik fisik, seperti suhu dan kedalaman air, serta karakteristik kimia, seperti pH dan salinitas sangat memengaruhi kelangsungan hidup larva. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan kimia tempat perindukan larva nyamuk di Kecamatan Ratatotok. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel yang digunakan ialah perairan yang terdapat larva nyamuk yang memenuhi kriteria sampel penelitian pada bulan September-Desember 2024. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sembilan tempat yang menjadi tempat perindukan larva di Kecamatan Ratatotok. Terdapat dua genus yang ditemukan, yaitu Culex sp. dan Aedes sp. Karakteristik fisik tempat perindukan memiliki kedalaman 13cm-36 cm dan suhu 30°C-34,3 °C. Karakteristik kimia tempat perindukan memiliki pH 7,47-8,12 dan salinitas 0-0,88%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah perairan di Kecamatan Ratatotok memiliki habitat yang cukup ideal untuk perkembangan larva nyamuk.
Kata kunci: karakteristik fisik dan kimia; tempat perindukan; larva nyamuk; Culex sp.; Aedes sp.
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