Downstream Structure of Siamese Pangasius Utilization in Selected Fish Processing Units in Indonesia
Hilirisasi Patin Siam pada UPI Terpilih Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v14i2.69593Keywords:
commercialisation; fish processing; raw-material quality; Siamese pangasius; side streamsAbstract
Downstream development of Siamese pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) should distinguish processing units from pure distributors and should be evaluated through raw-material form, product diversification, raw-material quality requirements, and side-stream utilisation. The analytical dataset was reconstructed from 28 surveyed business records. Eleven pure distributors, one pre-operational/non-target unit, three units without consent for aggregate use, and one duplicate facility record were excluded, leaving 12 fish-processing units (FPU) in seven Indonesian provinces. The production database contained 42 unique unit-month records, including 39 paired input-output observations. Analyses used descriptive statistics, multi-response frequencies, Fisher’s exact test, weighted prices, concentration ratios, and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. Ten units (83.3%) produced fillets only, while two also produced steaks or cuts. All nine units receiving live, fresh, or freshly dead fish reported positive side streams, whereas none of three frozen-input units did (two-sided p = 0.005). Five units commercialised side streams and four used them only non-commercially. Recorded commercial sales reached 206,124.2 kg and IDR 1.769 billion; trimmings had the highest weighted price (IDR 14,908/kg) and contributed 44.6% of side-stream value. After normalisation by observed sales months, one unit accounted for 73.1% of commercial value (HHI = 0.571). The most frequently reported rejection factors were poor colour/condition, dead or damaged fish, and unsuitable texture. Supplier addresses and objective quality measurements were unavailable; therefore, the effect of farming location on quality could not be tested.
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