Hubungan Faktor Risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner dengan Jumlah Lesi Arteri Koroner Berdasarkan Sullivan Vessel Score pada Pasien STEMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v14i2.66604Keywords:
penyakit jantung koroner; faktor risiko; lesi arteri koronerAbstract
Abstract: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease (CHD) with a high mortality rate. The anatomical severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) varies and is influenced by the burden of cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between CHD risk factors and the number of coronary artery lesions based on the Sullivan Vessel Score in STEMI patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital in Manado. This was an analytical and retrospective study with a cross-sectional design using electronic medical records with total sampling technique. The results showed that among 204 included patients, there were statistically significant relationships (p<0.05) between gender, smoking (38.2%), hypertension (77.5%), dyslipidemia (66.7%), diabetes mellitus (37.3%), and obesity (46.1%) with the number of coronary artery lesions. No statistically significant relationship (p >0.05) was found for the variables of age and family history (2.9%). In conclusion, there is a relationship between gender, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity with the number of coronary artery lesions, however, there is no relationship with age and family history.
Keywords: coronary heart disease; risk factors; coronary artery lesion
Abstrak: Infark miokard dengan elevasi segmen ST (STEMI) ialah manifestasi klinis penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) dengan tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi. Derajat keparahan anatomi penyakit arteri koroner bervariasi dan dipengaruhi oleh beban faktor risiko kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor risiko PJK dan jumlah lesi arteri koroner berdasarkan Sullivan Vessel Score pada pasien STEMI di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang, menggunakan rekam medis elektronik dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa di antara 204 pasien, terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05) antara jenis kelamin, merokok (38,2%), hipertensi (77,5%), dislipidemia (66,7%), diabetes melitus (37,3%), dan obesitas (46,1%) dengan jumlah lesi arteri koroner. Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05) untuk variabel usia dan riwayat keluarga (2,9%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, merokok, hipertensi, dislipidemia, diabetes melitus, dan obesitas dengan jumlah lesi arteri koroner, namun, tidak terdapat hubungan dengan usia dan riwayat keluarga.
Kata kunci: penyakit jantung koroner; faktor risiko; lesi arteri koroner
References
1. World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021 [cited 2025 Jul 30]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds
2. Akbar H, Mountfort S. Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Continuing Education Activity. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2024 Jan;. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532281/
3. Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan JJ, Barbato E, Berry C, Chieffo A, et al. 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2023;44(38):3720–826. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7623639
4. Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, editors. Braunwald’s Heart Disease: A Textbook Of Cardiovascular Medicine (11th ed). Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. Available from: https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0-C20191011278
5. Sorajja P, Gersh BJ, Cox DA, McLaughlin MG, Zimetbaum P, Costantini C, et al. Impact of multivessel disease on reperfusion success and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2007;28(14):1709–16. Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehm184
6. Sullivan DR, Marwick TH, Ben Freedman SM. A new method of scoring coronary angiograms to reflect extent of coronary atherosclerosis and improve correlation with major risk factors. Am Heart J. 1990;119(6):1262-7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(05)80173-5
7. Ge J, Li J, Yu H, Hou B. Hypertension is an independent predictor of multivessel coronary artery disease in young adults with acute coronary syndrome. Int J Hypertens. 2018;2018:7623639. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1155/2018/7623639
8. Libby P, Buring JE, Badimon L, Hansson GK, Deanfield J, Bittencourt MS, et al. Atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019 ;5(1):56. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0106-z
9. Lilly LS, editor. Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: An Introduction to Cardiovascular Medicine (6th ed). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2016. Available from: https://internationalintegrated.lwwhealthlibrary. com/book.aspx? bookid=1573
10. Al-khlaiwi TM, Habib SS, Alshammari HF, Albackr HB, Alobaid RA, Alrumaih LA, et al. Gender differences in patients presenting with premature coronary artery disease. J Fam Med. 2025;14(9):3976–81. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_483_25
11. Zeitouni M, Clare RM, Chiswell K, Abdulrahim J, Shah N, Pagidipati NP, et al. Risk factor burden and long‐term prognosis of patients with premature coronary artery disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(24):e017712. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.120.017712
12. Jang JJ, Bhapkar M, Coles A, Vemulapalli S, Fordyce CB, Lee KL, et al. Predictive model for high-risk coronary artery disease. Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging. 2019;12(2):e007940. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.118.007940
13. Garcia M, Mulvagh SL, Bairey Merz CN, Buring JE, Manson JE. Cardiovascular disease in women. Circ Res. 2016;118(8):1273–93. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.30754
14. Johanis I, Tedju Hinga IA, Sir AB. Faktor risiko hipertensi, merokok dan usia terhadap kejadian penyakit jantung koroner pada pasien di RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2020;2(1):33–40. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35508/mkm.v2i1.1954
15. Jones L, Levy D, Murabito J, Wang T, Wilson P, O’Donnell CJ. Parental cardiovascular disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults: a prospective study of parents and offspring. JAMA. 2004;291(18):2204-11. Doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1001/jama.291.18.2204
16. Dahlgren A, Erlinge D, Torii R, Yong E, Bergström G, Jernberg T, et al. Smoking and coronary atherosclerosis: disproportionate impact on the right coronary artery. Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. 2025;4(8):103609. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscai.2025.103609
17. Yano M, Miura S ichiro, Shiga Y, Miyase Y, Suematsu Y, Norimatsu K, et al. Association between smoking habits and severity of coronary stenosis as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography. Heart and Vessels. 2015;31(7):1061–8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00380-015-0716-7
18. Nakanishi R, Baskaran L, Gransar H, Budoff M, Achenbach S, et al. Relationship of hypertension to coronary atherosclerosis and cardiac events in patients with coronary computed tomographic angiography. Hypertension. 2017;70(2):293-299. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09402
19. Khera A, Emdin C, Drake I, Natarajan P, Bick A, et al. Genetic Risk, Adherence to a Healthy Lifestyle, and Coronary Disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(24):2349-58. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1605086
20. Picariello C, Lazzeri C, Attanà P, Chiostri M, Gensini GF, Valente S. The impact of hypertension on patients with acute coronary syndromes. Int J Hypertens. 2011;2011:563657. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/563657
21. Abduh MS, Triono MR. Analisis profil lipid sebagai prediktor keparahan stenosis coronary artery disease yang dinilai menggunakan Gensini Score. Jurnal Wiyata. 2022;9(2):79. Doi: https://doi.org/10.56710/wiyata.v9i2.603
22. Noviyanti K, Setiawan L EK. Hubungan profil lipid dan C-reactive protein (CRP) dengan derajat stenosis koroner pada penyakit jantung koroner stabil. Intisari Sains Medis. 2019;10(1):165-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v10i1.332
23. Widyawati D, Yasmin A, Gunadhi I. Hubungan antara profil lipid dengan derajat stenosis arteri koroner pada pasien penyakit jantung koroner stabil di Instalasi Pelayanan Jantung Terpadu RSUP Sanglah. Medicina. 2021;52(2): 132-6. Doi: https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v52i2.682
24. Hirachan A, Maskey A, Sharma R, Neupane P, Bhattarai M, et al. A comparative angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in diabetic and non diabetics in a tertiary cardiac centre. Interv Cardiol J. 2021;7(8):147. Doi: https://doi.org/10.36648/2471-8157.7.8.147
25. Riaz H, Aslam F, Bushir M, Moshin G, Naseer S, Saeed A. Correlation between body mass index and severity of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing angiography at tertiary care hospital Bahawalpur. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Cardiological Review. 2025;4(3):1886-1902. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17173109
26. Gregory AB, Lester KK, Gregory DM, Twells LK, Midodzi WK, Pearce NJ. The relationship between body mass index and the severity of coronary artery disease in patients referred for coronary angiography. Cardiol Res Pract. 2017;2017:5481671. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5481671
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Bezalel T. Sarjono, Starry H. Rampengan, Edmond L. Jim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
