Effect of Crude Extract of Red Galangal (Alpinia purpurata) on Kidney Histopathology of Gourami (Osphronemus gouramy) infected with Edwardsiella tarda bacteria

Desy Amalia Hidayati; Ahazia Imanuel Tampa; Nikanor Hersal Armos; Winster Larwuy; Rifka Liling Palinggi; Tania  Nilakandhi; Gabriella Augustine Suleman; Anggita Noer Laily

doi:10.35800/jip.v13i2.62709

Authors

Desy Amalia Hidayati University of Nusa Cendana
Ahazia Imanuel Tampa University of Nusa Cendana
Nikanor Hersal Armos University of Nusa Cendana
Winster Larwuy University of Nusa Cendana
Rifka Liling Palinggi University of Nusa Cendana
Tania Nilakandhi University of Nusa Cendana
Gabriella Augustine Suleman University of Nusa Cendana
Anggita Noer Laily University of Nusa Cendana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v13i2.62709

Keywords:

Aquaculture, Edwardsiella tarda, Red galangal, Antibacterial compounds, Histopathology

Abstract

Intensification of aquaculture production can disrupt environmental balance, leading to stress in cultured organisms, a weakened immune system, and increased vulnerability to disease. The emergence of diseases in aquaculture systems results from an imbalance in the interaction between the host, environment, and pathogens. One of the common bacterial diseases affecting cultured fish is caused by Edwardsiella tarda. The use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections may lead to chromosomal mutations, highlighting the need for natural alternatives with antibacterial properties, such as red galangal (Alpinia purpurata). Red galangal contains bioactive antibacterial compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Histopathological observations were conducted using five treatment doses: (A) 500 mg/L, (B) 525 mg/L, (C) 550 mg/L, (D) 575 mg/L, and (E) 600 mg/L. The results showed that the dose of 550 mg/L had the most significant effect on the kidney histopathology of the fish.

Keywords: Aquaculture, Edwardsiella tarda, Red galangal, Antibacterial compounds, Histopathology

Abstrak

Peningkatan produksi dapat berefek pada ketidakseimbangan lingkungan budidaya sehingga menyebabkan stresnya organisme budidaya, menurunnya sistem imun serta mudah terinfeksi penyakit. Timbulnya penyakit pada lingkungan budidaya disebabkan ketidakseimbangan hubungan antara inang, lingkungan dan pathogen. Penyakit yang sering menginfeksi ikan budidaya disebabkan oleh penyakit bakterial diantaranya berasal dari bakteri E. tarda. Penggunaan antibiotik dalam mengobati penyakit bakterial dapat menyebabkan mutasi kromosom sehingga dibutuhkan bahan alami yang memiliki bahan aktif sebagai antibakteri salah satunya lengkuas merah. Lengkuas merah mengandung senyawa antibakteri diantaranya flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin, dan terpenoid. Pengamatan histopatologi dilakukan dengan menggunakan 5 dosis perlakuan (A) 500 mg/L (B) 525 mg/L (C) 550 mg/L (D) 575 mg/L (E) 600 mg/L. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi menunjukkan nilai dosis ekstrak lengkuas merah yang paling berpengaruh terhadap histopatologi ginjal ikan yaitu pada dosis 550 mg/L.

Kata kunci: akuakultur, Edwardsiella tarda, lengkuas merah, antibacterial, histopatologi

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