Composition of Fish Species in The Seagrass Ecosystem at Wawontulap Beach South Minahasa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v14i1.68031Keywords:
seagrass beds, fish composition, coastal ecosystem, biodiversity, Wawontulap BeachAbstract
This study aimed to determine the composition of fish species in the seagrass ecosystem at Wawontulap Beach, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi. Seagrass ecosystems play important ecological roles as habitats, nursery grounds, feeding grounds, and shelter for various fish species. The study was conducted in March 2025 using a descriptive survey method through roaming surveys and traditional trap nets (sero) in seagrass areas during low tide conditions. Fish identification was carried out based on morphological characteristics, while seagrass identification was based on leaf morphology, rhizomes, and growth patterns. The results showed that 10 fish species with a total of 20 individuals were found, consisting of the families Lethrinidae, Lutjanidae, Mullidae, Nemipteridae, Scaridae, Siganidae, Carangidae, Serranidae, and Labridae. The fish species consisted of herbivorous, predatory, and benthic-feeding fishes that utilized seagrass beds as feeding habitats and nursery grounds. The dominant seagrass species found were Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii. The presence of these fish species indicates that the seagrass ecosystem at Wawontulap Beach still has a good ecological function in supporting coastal fish communities. Therefore, sustainable management and conservation of seagrass ecosystems are necessary to maintain the stability of coastal ecosystems.
Keywords: seagrass beds, fish composition, coastal ecosystem, biodiversity, Wawontulap Beach
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis ikan pada ekosistem padang lamun di Pantai Wawontulap, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Padang lamun merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir yang memiliki peranan penting sebagai habitat, daerah asuhan (nursery ground), tempat mencari makan (feeding ground), dan tempat perlindungan bagi berbagai jenis ikan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2025 menggunakan metode survei deskriptif melalui survei jelajah dan alat tangkap sero pada area padang lamun saat kondisi surut. Identifikasi ikan dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi, sedangkan identifikasi lamun dilakukan berdasarkan ciri morfologi daun, rimpang, dan pola pertumbuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 10 jenis ikan dengan total 20 individu yang terdiri atas famili Lethrinidae, Lutjanidae, Mullidae, Nemipteridae, Scaridae, Siganidae, Carangidae, Serranidae, dan Labridae. Jenis ikan yang ditemukan terdiri atas ikan herbivora, predator, dan pemakan bentos yang memanfaatkan padang lamun sebagai habitat mencari makan maupun daerah asuhan. Jenis lamun dominan yang ditemukan yaitu Enhalus acoroides dan Thalassia hemprichii. Keberadaan berbagai jenis ikan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem padang lamun di Pantai Wawontulap masih memiliki fungsi ekologis yang baik dalam mendukung komunitas ikan pesisir. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan dan konservasi padang lamun perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan untuk menjaga stabilitas ekosistem pesisir.
Kata kunci: padang lamun, komposisi ikan, ekosistem pesisir, biodiversitas, Pantai Wawontulap
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rose O. S. E Mantiri, Putu D. Darmawan, Adista D. Pramassetya, Grevo S. Gerung, Deiske A. Sumilat
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