Pemanfaatan Vegetasi Rumput Brandjangan [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton] oleh Beberapa Spesies Burung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v12i2.41510Keywords:
Guinea fowl grass, Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.), birds, daily activities, North Minahasa, North SulawesiAbstract
Guinea fowl grass [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.)] as an invasive grass from Indian which distributed in the tropical to sub-tropical area has becoming a huge problematic in farm areas due to its adaptivity high growth speed. The aim of this study is to analyse is there any benefit of the guinea fowl grass. Object of study is the birds around the grass. It reveals that there are at least 15 species of birds are living in the guinea fowl grass: Cisticola juncidis, Passer montanus, Lonchura oryzivora, L. molucca, L. punctulata, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Turnix maculosus, Geopelia striata, Spilopelia chinensis, Hypotaenidia torquata, Aramidopsis plateni, Porphyrio indicus, Centropus bengalensis, Haliastur indus, dan Hirundo rustica. The birds use this habitat as many purposes, such as source of food (granivorous, insectivorous and omnivorous), associate with other organisms, breeding ground and hide. Â
Â
Keywords: Guinea fowl grass [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.); birds; daily activities; North Minahasa; North Sulawesi.
ABSTRAK
Rumput brandjangan [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.)] merupakan rumput invasif dari India, tersebar di daerah tropis dan subtropis dan menjadi permasalahan di daerah pertanian karena kecepatan tumbuh dan daya adaptif pada berbagai tipe habitat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji spesies burung yang memanfaatkan vegetasi rumput brandjangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Februari 2022 pada vegetasi rumput brandjangan di Kecamatan Kalawat, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Data dikumpul menggunakan metode ad libitum dengan mengambil seluruh data spesies burung dan seluruh aktivitas yang dilakukan pada vegetasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 15 spesies burung: Cisticola juncidis, Passer montanus, Lonchura oryzivora, L. molucca, L. punctulata, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Turnix maculosus, Geopelia striata, Spilopelia chinensis, Hypotaenidia torquata, Aramidopsis plateni, Porphyrio indicus, Centropus bengalensis, Haliastur indus, dan Hirundo rustica. Aktivitas burung meliputi: mencari makan, makan, bersosial, beristirahat, kawin, dan bersembunyi. Rumput brandjangan menghasilkan biji sebagai sumber pakan burung granivora dan omnivore. Serangga pada vegetasi tersebut menjadi sumber pakan burung insektivora atau omnivora.
Kata kunci: Rumput brandjangan [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.); burung; aktivitas harian; Minahasa Utara; Sulawesi Utara.
References
Allawan JGL (2021) Grasses and Legumes at the Banana Field in the Panabo City, Philippines. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) Volume VIII, Issue VIII, August 2021. Pp. 125-133.
Chitindingu K (2014) Nutritional composition, antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds in selected wild cereal and pseudo-cereal grains found in Zimbabwe. Thesis. Natural Products Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zimbabwe. Pp. 1-200.
Coates BJ & BK David (2000) A Guide to the birds of wallacea: sulawesi, the moluccas and lesser sunda islands, indonesia. Birdlife Internationa. Bogor.
Ellison CA & HC Evans (1992) Present status of the biological control of graminaceous weed Rottboellia cochinchinensis. In: Abstracts VIII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. Canterbury: Lincoln University, New Zealand, p. 66.
Esqueda-Esquivel VA (2005) Efecto de herbicidas sobre plantas y semillas de Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W. Clayton, en caña de azúcar. Rev. Fac. Agron. Zul. 161:45–50.
Funez LA, JPR Ferreira, G Hassemer & R Trevisan (2016) First record of the invasive species Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Poaceae, Andropogoneae) in the South Region of Brazil. Check List 12(4): 1930, 18 July 2016. Pp. 1-4.
Galinato MI, K Moody & CM Piggin (1999) Upland Rice Weeds of South and Southeast Asia. International Rice Research Institute. Los Banos. Pp. 95-96.
Global Invasive Species Database. Rottboellia cochinchinensis. http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=772. Akses 16-2-2022.
Holm LG, DL Plucknett JV Pancho, JP Herberger (1977) The world’s worst weeds: Distribution and biology. Univ. of Hawaii Press, London.
Maddox V, R Westbrooks, JD Byrd Jr (2018) Itchgrass [Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W.D. Clayton]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327941161.
Meksawat S & T Pornprom (2010) Allelopathic effect of itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis) on seed germination and plant growth. Weed Biology and Management 10(1): 16–24.
Mutakin J (2020) Kemelimpahan Gulma Padi Sawah (Oryza Sativa L.) pada Ketinggian dan Sistem Tanam yang Berbeda. Jurnal Agroteknologi (JAGROS). Vol. 5; No. 1 Desember 2020. Pp. 323-330.
NAPPO (2003) Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton. NAPPO-PRA Grains Panel Pest Fact Sheet, June, (2003). http://www.nappo.org/PRA-sheets/Rottboelliacochinchinensis.pdf.
Oyewole CI & BAO Ibikunle (2010) The Germination of Corn Weed (Rottboellia cochinchinensis Lour Clayton) Seed: Induction and Prevention of Germination in Seed. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 2010, 43(1): 47-54.
Parera SJ & SW Kotagama (2013) A Descriptive Ethogram for the behaviour of Black Robin Saxicoloides fulicatus leucopterus (Linnaeus, 1766) in a Semi Developed, Intermediate Zone Habitat os Sri Langka. Sitoth. Vol. 3. Pp. 49-57.
Rojas CE, R de la Cruz, A Merayo (1993) Efecto competitivo de la caminadora (Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W.D. Clayton) en el cultivo del ma´ız (Zea mays L.). Manejo Integrado de Plagas 27: 42–45.
Setyawati T, S Narulita, IP Bahri, GT Raharjo (2015) A Guide Book to Invasive Alien Plant Species in Indonesia. Research, Development and Innovation Agency. Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Bogor. Pp. 303.
Sumarto S, P Siahaan, R Koneri, A Papu (in press) The Association Between the Java Sparrow (Lonchura oryzivora) and Other Estrildidae in North Sulawesi (inpress) AIPCP proceedings.
Takandjandji M & R Sawitri (2011) Populasi Burung Merak Hijau (Pavo Muticus Linnaeus, 1766) di Ekosistem Savana, Taman Nasional Baluran, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam. Vol. 8 No. 1: 13-24.
